Wednesday, October 30, 2019

Economic case for Precision agricuture apply to Ireland Article

Economic case for Precision agricuture apply to Ireland - Article Example Tobacco is also grown in limited areas. Irish agriculture mainly comprises of the small family farm. About 67 percent of the farms cover less than 50 acres (20 hectares), and another 25 percent are smaller than 20 acres (8 hectares). The number of people employed in agriculture continues to decrease as mechanization increases and young men and women find better-paying occupations in the cities. The number of agricultural workers in Ireland declined by about 50 percent between the years 1960 and 1991 (Britannica Student Encyclopedia, 2006). The future of Irish agriculture greatly depends on sustainable practices and proper economic planning. Precision agriculture is one of the best ways to increase the farm production. Precision Agriculture is a now a term used throughout agricultural systems worldwide. Precision agriculture can be defined as a comprehensive system designed to optimize agricultural production through the application of crop information, advanced technology and management practices. Precision agriculture begins with crop planning and includes tillage, planting, chemical applications, harvesting, and post harvest processing of the crop (Roberson, 2004). Precision farming utilizes three technologies: Global Positioning Systems (GPS), Geographic Information Systems (GIS), and Variable Rate Technology (VRT). GPS provides navigation that can position a tractor within a few feet anywhere in a field. GIS computer systems capture, manage, and analyze spatial data relating crop productivity and field inputs. VRT provides "on-the-fly" estimation of field inputs. Working in concert, GIS, GPS, and VRT provide information that allows producers to apply inputs, such as fertilizers and insecticides, precisely in a sustainable manner (Ball and Peterson 2001). Further the collected information may be used to more precisely evaluate optimum sowing density, estimate specifically fertilizers and other inputs needs, and to more accurately

Monday, October 28, 2019

Monopoly and oligopoly essay Essay Example for Free

Monopoly and oligopoly essay Essay The Main characteristics of an oligopoly are that the supply of a product or products is concentrated in the hands of a few large suppliers, there could be thousands of small suppliers but the market is mainly dominated by around 4 or 5 large firms. For example firms Tesco, Asda, Sainburys and Morrisons, these are the 4 main supermarkets in the UK but there are thousands of small corner shops who provide some of the same goods the supermarkets do. Another characteristics of an oligopoly is interdependence, this is when the actions of one large firm will directly affect another large firm of the same market. For example during the Christmas period Tesco lowered the price on certain alcoholic drinks to pull customer in to the stores to buy their Christmas food shopping, Asda then followed suit and did the exact same thing with the same products. On the other hand if firms raised their prices the other firm are very unlikely to copy, the other firm are more likely to advertise the fact they are now cheaper in the hope of gaining a bigger share of the market. However there is a tendency for firms to collude and agree to raise prices together, this maintains their abnormal profits and ensure no one loses. This behaviour is illegal in the UK and the EU and firm’s caught doing this will be heavily fined. {draw:frame} Oligopoly’s are a few firm dominating a market,a monopoly is a single firm dominating a market or being a sole supplier of a market, this is called a pure monopoly. An example of a pure monopoly would be Scottish water; they are the sole provider to every household in Scotland of running water. {draw:frame} {draw:frame} For any firm profit is a must for a business to survive, firms will look in to other parts of a market to gain potential profits. For a firm to move into a particular sector of a market there would have to be good roles of profit. A firm would have to get a good return on their investment, the higher the risk and longer a firmhas to wait to earn a potential return on their capital, the greater the minimum required return on their investment they will demand. For a firm to move in to a particular sector,firms would also have to consider if this would attract new investors. If the firm was going to make a quick return on its investment this would attract more investors as they would gain higher amount of dividends on their investment.

Saturday, October 26, 2019

Eulogy for Father :: Eulogies Eulogy

Eulogy for Father I stand before you today to pay my last respects, and to say my final goodbyes, to my father Harry. I have to admit at the outset that it is very difficult to do this. The difficulty is not just due to the obvious causes -- the sadness, the grief, and the sense of loss. Nor is it due to the confrontation with death in its utter finality, and the resulting fear regarding one's own mortality. No, this is difficult for me primarily because of all of the unfinished business that I have with my father. And while a part of me continues to nurture the hope that, had he lived longer, I would have been able to finish my business, I have to acknowledge that this is not true. Because, the fact is, it is very hard for sons to ever attain a really clear perspective on their own fathers. I know this to be true from my 20 years of experience as a psychologist whose central interest has been fatherhood. In the Fatherhood Course that I teach, this issue of son-father business usually comes up in the first class. We might be talking about why the men decided to enroll in the course, and after a few guys give the standard reasons, and others make some quips, the mood palpably shifts to serious as one father speaks, lower lip quivering: "You want to know why I am here? I'll tell you why I am here. I am here so that my little son Timmy will not feel as bad about me when he's grown up as I do about my own dad." The man's words hit the room like a hurricane, and soon the theme of father son business is on every man's lips. The fathers then become sons and talk about the grief, pain and bitterness they feel toward their own fathers. Let's go into the classroom now, so that you can hear these men's voices: "I never know what my father thought. He just would never talk about himself." "I know he loved us because he was a good provider. He worked two jobs in order to put all five of us though parochial school and several of us though college. But I never knew if he liked me." "To this day I wonder what he really thinks of me. Is he proud of me?" "Every time I call home, Dad answers the phone, and it usually goes like this: `Hi.

Thursday, October 24, 2019

Slade Plating Case Management Summary Essay -- Business Management Stu

Slade Plating Case Management Summary Despite the success of the Slade Company as manufacturer of metal products designed for industrial application, the production manager, Ralph Porter, was concerned about the dishonesty among employees in the Plating Department. Some of the workers were misusing the punch in-out system for those who wanted to leave early or arrive late. Given the long working hour and low payment, they lacked of motivation in performing their tasks, resulting in the dishonest action. However, because of informal groupings among some of them, they operated as a team to work harder doing peak orders. Therefore, the desired output of the department was still satisfied. Yet, some employees who were not in the main group were slack off and misused the system even during the peak period, which potentially resulted in internal conflict in the department. Thus, in order to motivate employees and prevent the dishonesty, we propose to remove punch in-out system and launch a better payment system with both financial and non-financial incentives. Also, the working environment should be improved with various campaigns to enhance the unity in the department. We also move an employee who could not perform fully his talent to other department to maximize his capacity. With these solutions, the Slade Company could motivate their employees, encourage the teamwork, avoid internal conflict, and finally increase the productivity in the Plating Department. Analyzing the present situation There were 38 workers in the Plating Department of the Slade Company. Their jobs, working conditions, values and tasks varied significantly. They were all dependent on each other as they only received their workload after work at the previous stage was done. Work was supervised by a punch in-out system and a supervisor, Otto Schell. Payment was low and the working hours were long due to the company policy to keep training and benefit cost down by requiring overtime instead of hiring new workers. In addition, informal groupings were formed in the department, which significantly affected the daily run of the work. The largest group was the Sarto group, which could practically influence the whole department as others tended to copy this group’s ideas and values. Without doubt, this group was a real driving force of the department, both ... ... However, for Herman Schell, he is found to be inappropriate and non-manageable and thus to be removed from the department, to say, â€Å"promoted† to other department to maximize his personal abilities and talents that we unfortunately cannot utilize in this department. This, we acknowledge, is a very easy and usually not the manager’s way to solve an issue like that. But we believe we just identified the case when a significant and sustainable change is not likely at all and by getting rid of him would eliminate the conflict source from the group and enhance group dynamics on the floor in all. Of course, a con to that is the feeling of safety, the lifetime job experience of the workers. Yet, we believe this does not endanger the good workers’ positions and therefore does not pose threat to the regular employee. A reason why he might not have been sacked before – apart from the general practice of the department – is probably the family ties to Otto Schell, the supervisor. In our opinion, such ties can be good but in no way shall be hindering performance, and this shall not be a base for delivering improper results both professionally and personally in the workplace.

Wednesday, October 23, 2019

Online Hotel Reservation with Sms Notification Essay

A resort is an establishment that provides paid lodging on a short-term basis. The provision of basic accommodation, in times past, consisting only of a room with a bed, cupboard, a small table and a wash stand has largely been replaced by rooms with modern facilities, including en-suite bathrooms and air-conditioning or climate control. The cost and quality of resort are usually indicative of the range and type of service available. Due to enormous increase in tourism worldwide during the last decades of the 20th century, standards, especially those of smaller establishments, have improved considerably. Resorts are independently assessed in traditional system and these rely heavily on the facilities provided. Most of the Resort provides goods and services using computer system. It helps to perform task in an easy way with less time consumed. Some companies are become fully automated while others strive for the similar setting. Computer programmers develop things like computer system that the rest of us could use. The computer programmers tell the users what to do. They make programs that users can easily used or understand. The advent of new technology gave rise to easy and hassle free interaction between and among humans. Whether it is in business, science or what ever task a person takes on the quality and speed of carrying it out are enhanced with automation at the core of this efficient. Today, many systems have used an automation process like using computer system, due to the efficient and accuracy. World Internet or Web service technology becomes important for living life to provide many kinds of service that facilitates the users to fulfill their needs. Users can search for many information, do reservation on any hotels or airline, resorts or do online shopping but still it is difficult to use and often require service consumers to spend too much time manually browsing and selecting service descriptions. WAP (Wireless Application Protocol) define as a worldwide standard for the delivery and presentation of wireless information to mobile phones and other wireless devices. As the world is moving towards a net- centric world, where Internet is becoming a world environment, along with the physical environment which acquires information and knowledge from the Internet, WAP has been designed to enable the user to access those information via mobile phones in a small display and limited keys on the keypad. The tourist may not be able to bring along a huge wireless device such as notebook to check for all travel information including airline and reservation, and travel guidelines because it might be inconvenient to them. Project Context A traveler (tourist, or a businessman) or a local people have to travel quite frequently or not frequently, resorts must operate their services 24 hours a day 7 days a week to fulfill the demand for them and providing excellent service to their customers. Although there are guides provided to the tourist whenever they come to visit General Santos City which consist of many information related to resorts, but sometimes it is difficult for them to do the booking as they have to check for the information about location, room rate, and facilities manually. They will have to look through a pamphlet or ask the local people or counters for information. Sometimes, the travelers may prefer to travel by themselves without guide. They also have not done the resorts reservation before they travel. Even though there are many ways such as call booking and web service booking online to serve the tourist but since the tourists are not familiar with the places so they might do not know the contact number and difficult to find Internet Cafà © to search the resort’s information. This system could be a tool that can help tourist for their quick booking. Once the tourist arrived in General Santos City, they might directly go to resorts by taxi without booking and sometime may find out that it is full. If they need to go to other places in the city and do the same thing, it would be inconvenient for them. In line with this, this project suggested that a new tool to be developed to help the traveler do their resort reservation right to their mobile phone. Purpose and Description This project aims to answer and solve the following queries: ââ€" ª What are the basic requirements for resort reservation system via mobile phones? ââ€" ª Is this an easier way to search/browse resort information through mobile phones? ââ€" ª Is this project useful for users to do the reservation system? Objectives The main objective of this study/research is to create or develop a Mobile Resort Reservation System. Specifically this study would like: ââ€" ª To design the system for Mobile Resort Reservation System that will include all information of the resort. ââ€" ª To propose new and useful system or tools by the use of mobile devices. ââ€" ª To evaluate the user acceptance on the mobile reservation system. Scope and Limitation This study will focus on a specific resort in General Santos City, to develop Mobile Reservation of resort in General Santos City that will allows foreign and local tourist to access the resort information of room and cottages booking and make room and cottage booking via mobile phone using Wireless Application Protocol (WAP) services anytime and anywhere.

Tuesday, October 22, 2019

Interview Lessons from an IKEA Cartoon

Interview Lessons from an IKEA Cartoon A cartoon image that had me laughing out loud was an â€Å"IKEA Job Interview.†Ã‚   The interviewer sits behind a desk in a sparsely furnished room and points to a bunch of pieces of a disassembled chair, which lie neatly on the floor.   â€Å"Please have a seat,† says the interviewer. While this image is hilarious, if the job interview were for a mechanic or an assembler of chairs at IKEA, the scene would not be so farfetched.   And in fact, it is not unusual for an interviewer to test an interviewee with a task to perform on the spot.   A good interviewer might test your practical skills in an interview, or your ability to respond to criticism, by asking you to perform a task or adjust your demeanor mid-interview. I once interviewed a young man for a social worker position at the non-profit where I worked in Brooklyn, NY.   There were two of us interviewing him, and I really liked him.   He answered questions well and I was considering hiring him.   My frustration was that he never made eye contact with me.   It seemed as if he were gazing off into space and not fully connecting with me.   And I knew there was no way I would actually hire him if he couldn’t make eye contact. I did something perhaps unconventional.   I stopped the interview, told him what I was experiencing, and asked him why he wasn’t making eye contact.   He gave a reasonable response that he was struggling with having two interviewers and didn’t want either of us to get all his focus.   From that moment in the interview, he made full eye contact with either me or my associate. I hired him. Why?   Because I knew beyond doubt from that interview that this man took criticism and coaching well, and could implement a suggestion quickly and effectively.   He also had all the other qualifications we were looking for. He is still working at the organization today, and is appreciated for his work ethic and great attitude, as well as for the results he produces. So this IKEA cartoon, while humorous, might not be that far off the mark for something you might be called upon to perform on the spot in a job interview.   Luckily, all the tools you need are already in your possession.   You just need to be good at following directions. 🙂 Log in to Reply azwinndini says: May 12, 2018 at 4:26 am and it still very funny Log in to Reply

Monday, October 21, 2019

AIDS, A Global Health Problem essay

buy custom HIV/AIDS, A Global Health Problem essay Description of Global Health Global Health refers to prevalent health problems that go beyond the national borders of any given country such as infectious diseases and some of the insect borne diseases that can easily spread from one country to another. Global Health includes other health problems that have major magnitudes so as to have a global political and economic impact. Description of Acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) as a Global Health Problem. Acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) is the most advanced stage characterized by occurrence of any of the opportunistic infections or related cancers that occurs when one is infected with Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) that infects and destroys the bodys immune system. This virus attacks vital body immunity cells hence leading to decreased level of the immunity making it prone to other opportunistic infections. HIV is a retrovirus that infects and destroys cells and some of the body neurons hence depleting its immunity(Ltd, 2010). As earlier noted, AIDS is a result of HIV infection. This virus is usually transmitted via sexual intercourse (vaginal, oral or anal) with an infected person; sharing of contaminated needles, syringes, or other similar sharp instruments or transfusions of contaminated blood. It is also transmitted between during pregnancy between a mother and her baby, childbirth or even breastfeeding. But what are the contributing factors that lead to these infections(Ltd, 2010)? There are many social, biological and economic factors that arguably contribute to the infection and spread of AIDS. Amongst the factors that have continuously led to HIV Spread are Gender Orientation, Social Status, and Lack of Information amongst most population. The feeling of Invincibility, Infection with Sexually transmitted infections (STIs) and Alcohol and drug abuse are also some of the factors as articulatd by Patria Rojas et.al. (Patria Rojas, 2011) Justification From the above it is clear that HIV/AIDS is a crosscutting issue whose effects are entrenched to all people and both poor and the rich regardless of their gender. This syndrome therefore has a great impact on the global economic arena and political sphere. But how is HIV/AIDS related with Nursing? On the onset of other opportunistic infections such as TB amongst others, usually at the prevalent final stage, the patient requires a lot of attention and nursing so as to offer them physical, social and emotional attention. Similarly, Aids led to an increasing number of Orphans who after the death of their parents need to be loved and provided with a well balanced stake of life. In such instances, Nurses are very fundamental since they have the professional capacity to offer care to the orphans. Relatives and friends of the infected person are equally prone to emotional and social dysfunctions. Michelle Burden Leslie, Judith A. Stein, Mary Jane Rotheram. (2002), in their journal noted that medications meant to counter opportunistic infections can cause emotional reactions hence affecting the emotional and social development. This may affect the persons emotional life that further spreads to the workplace and other social places. Once diagnosed with the syndrome, initial feeling of shock and denial will most often turn to guilt, fear, sadness and sense of hopelessness. This may lead to withdrawal from the society hence shielding one off the social life. It is at these times that a person will need professional support as well as support from friends and family members. This forms a vicious cycle that touches on the individuals infected and those affected often with negative impacts. (Rotheram-Borus, February 2002).More so, Nursing school are taking the lead in HIV/AIDS researches thus any meaningful development and breakthrough in HIV/AIDS almoost goes hand in hand with the nursing and nurses. Contrast: How Aids is viewed America and in South Africa. HIV/AIDS in America is viewed as a gay and urban problem and disproportionately affects black Americans and Hispanic Americans who exist in both major metropolitan areas and rural areas. (AVERT, 2011)America has acknowledged HIV/AIDS as an endemic and in its fight back have established the National Hiv/Aids Strategy for the United States whose vision is: The United States will become a place where new HIV infections are rare and when they do occur, every person, regardless of age, gender, race/ethnicity, sexual orientation, gender identity or socio-economic circumstance, will have unfettered access to high quality, life-extending care, free from stigma and discrimination It is therefore evident from the above vision statement that the America not only views HIV as a national Health problem but has also put structures such as policies in place to mitigate this problem. In South Africa, a study carried out by Harvard indicated that there were poor policies to mitigate the effects of HIV/AIDS. It further notes that South African government would have prevented the premature deaths estimated at 365,000 people earlier this decade if it had provided antiretroviral drugs(Pride Chigwedere, 2008). Such poor policy managements therefore reflects how the South African Government viewed HIV/AIDS in light weight with one the top government officials, the health minister, Manto Tshabalala-Msimang ridiculing the remedy to HIV/AIDS by suggesting the use of lemon and garlic to cure it(DUGGER, CELIA W., 2008). It is to be noted that the number of people living with Aids was 5.6 Million this being the highest number anywhere else in the world thus South Africa had the Highest HIV/AIDS prevalence rate during this time(UNAIDS, 2010). Buy custom HIV/AIDS, A Global Health Problem essay

Sunday, October 20, 2019

10 Important Steps to Become a Travel Nurse

10 Important Steps to Become a Travel Nurse Want to be a nurse, but also want to travel? If you think that shorter term temporary jobs might be the best fit for your lifestyle and career, this might be a good field for you- and valuable work experience. If you think being a travel nurse is for you, here are ten steps to breaking into travel nursing.1. Get the educationStep one is getting the required education for the job. You’ll need a high school diploma or GED, plus completion of an accredited nursing program at the college level. In order to pass the required NCLEX exam, you’ll need at least an Associate Degree in Nursing (ADN) or an ASN, which you can get in 2-3 years. Though you might wish to bump it up to a full on Bachelor’s degree in Nursing (BSN), which more and more hospitals will start to require. If you’re short on time or funds, start with an Associate’s and move on if you need a BSN further down your path.2. Take the NCLEXYou’ll need to pass this exam before you proceed. This is required in order to qualify as an RN or licensed private nurse. The test is administered by the NCSBN.3. Get experienceYou’ll need hands-on nursing experience- usually a minimum of one year before a hospital will consider you for specialty jobs or assignments. That’s the bare minimum. Most places will ask for 2-3 years experience. Before choosing a specialty or a first job to acquire your much needed experience, consider the following most in demand specialties: ICU, ER, MS, MS/TELE, TELE, OR, LD, PACU, CVICU, Cath Lab, PEDS, PICU, NICU, Case Management, SDU, PCU, CVOR, PostPartum, Mother Baby, and Home Health. And if you want to travel, consider moving to one of the 24 states that honor the Nurse Licensure Compact. This will make sure your license is valid in whichever state you’re sent to work in. 24 possibilities!4. Figure out your tax situationYou’ll need to qualify for tax-free compensation by maintaining a legitimate tax home. Here are two valuable resources to help you learn just how to do that: Qualifying for Tax Free Stipends and Deductions As a Travel Nurse, andEverything Travel Nurses Need to Know about Taxes, Stipends and Tax-Free Money. Remember, if you don’t qualify for tax-free compensation, you will be asked to pay income taxes on that money at the end of every year.5. Figure out what you wantFigure out where you would (and wouldn’t) want to travel and which type of hospitals you’d most like to work in before you start applying. This will help you figure out which agencies to use to find your jobs.6. Figure out how much you want to makeDifferent agencies offer different packages and perks. Figure out which matter most to you: housing, travel stipend, benefits, 401k, rental cars, etc. Also make sure you have a solid understanding of how travel nursing pay packages are structured, as it’s very different from traditional salaried compensation. Make a strategy for how to compare diff erent pay packages before choosing. And make sure to do all this before you start applying.7. Start looking for agenciesOnce you know what you want, you’ll know which agencies can help you get it. There are services like Highway Hypodermics, or Travel Nursing Central that rate agencies’ success. You can also try a lead generator, a website that will connect you to â€Å"top agencies† by passing your information on to those agencies. But networking is also a good strategy. Ask your colleagues for referrals. And make sure to sign up for BluePipes, a professional networking site for healthcare pros. When you hear from an agency, make sure to ask the right questions about whether they can get you want you need before signing on.8. Make your profileEvery hospital will require an extensive application submission from you and your agency. Use BluePipes to tailor and control your submission profile and spare yourself some redundant paperwork.9. Get your papers togetherY ou’ll need to make sure all of your certifications and qualifications are up to date and ready to be delivered to a new employer STAT. Agencies will often help coordinate this- plus medical records- but it’s always a good idea to have your own set ready to go at all times. Never lose out on a job because of paperwork.10. Get hiredFinally it’s time to start submitting to jobs, preparing for interviews, signing contracts. Make sure to negotiate for what you need- and do some research into the peculiarities of travel healthcare compensation negotiation before you attempt this.Once you get your first gig, you’re well on your way! Congratulations, you’re a travel nurse.

Saturday, October 19, 2019

Cultural Reflection Paper Term Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Cultural Reflection - Term Paper Example One particular culture that might be particularly relevant today for those in the medical field would be a traditional Muslim man. A traditional Muslim man is going to have different wants, needs, and values than a more moderate Muslim or even another culture altogether. According to an article entitled â€Å"Muslim Medicine and Healthcare,† the Islamic faith does not separate religion and science and instead links the two together (Yousif, 2011). Additionally, Yousif states that in the past few decades â€Å"there has been a renewed interest in reviving traditional Islamic medical knowledge and combining it with the latest advancements in modern medicine†(Yousif, 2011). This should indicate to a nursing professional that such a person will need to be consulted with in terms of the treatment or intervention that they will be comfortable with and also prove effective at the same time. A traditional Muslim man might not have a great desire for medical intervention due to the fact that many of the human ailments that medicine has sought to explain are deemed as â€Å"diseases of the soul† and may be treated by following the Islamic teaching as closely as possible(Yousif, 2011). Another important aspect for this particular patient would be the gender of the nursing practitioner. For a traditional Muslim man, he might exhibit discomfort at dealing with a female nurse.

Friday, October 18, 2019

Project Management Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 6000 words

Project Management - Assignment Example product developed through the project will provide the necessary support in line with the quality standards set within the jurisdiction that the company operates. The compatibility of the system to Microsoft and Apple provides a platform of operations for the product that embraces technologies by Microsoft and Apple to result into a positive product for the market. These provide the background to project management. All these levels require commitment of resources, which need management and control hence the need for project management. Project management bases on various backgrounds based on the needs of the project developers and company that the project is to serve. Project management relies on three basic principles also considered objectives. These include the objectives of the project, the constraints and the lifecycle under which the project is operational. These guide project managers in planning, scheduling, control and execution of the project. The use of two major techniques hat is the project evaluation technique applicable in review too and the critical path method all depending on the aspects of objectivity, constraint sand lifecycle. As HP aims at delving into the project, the need to consider the objectives of the project, the constraints to expect and the project lifecycle proves vital. A clear definition of project objectives and goals at the beginning of the project provides the project managers with the necessary direction through which the project proceeds. The objectives of the HP project are to develop a tablet whose programs prove compatible with Microsoft and Apple systems to serve elementary school students in various purposes. The objectives draw the line and set the pace under which the project operates. The success of the project depends on the understanding of the project objectives by all members handing the project to ease understanding and execution. Each person needs to understand his or her role in the project development

Compare TWO different approaches to the study of food, and discuss Essay

Compare TWO different approaches to the study of food, and discuss what you find attractive or unhelpful about them - Essay Example Furthermore, an underlying framework cannot remain constant since it is susceptible of transformation under external stimuli. Both structuralism and post-structuralism tend to provide a theoretical framework that can help in understanding how cultures are affected by their food and cooking practices but post-structuralism provides a relatively flexible approach that accepts human influence and effects of historic events on culture. In order to understand the nature and behaviour of food with the help of structuralism, it is important to analyze the framework of this approach. Structuralism is an inspired phenomena hailing from Gestalt psychology. Gestalt’s theory attempts to find out a rationale ground of how human mind works and derives patterns out of random or unobvious events. This approach further explains that events, individuals or objects having same attributes tend to form an alliance and stay together. Similarly, structuralism is an approach through which human behav iour can be analyzed with the help of different frame of references networked together. This network of relationships helps in identifying the actual position of a norm, ritual or an object in human life. Through this framework, early linguists and anthropologists tend to identify the signs showing common indications. Therefore, structuralism became synonymous with semiology. These semiotics or doctrines of semiology helped the literary thinkers to deduct common patterns from folk tales that helped in understanding relations of cultures to each other and their further evolution along with rationales of various norms and traditions. Although this approach was a result of literary research performed by Ferdinand de Saussure and Vladimir Propp however it was given a broader definition in 1960s by Claude Levi-Strauss. Levi-Strauss used this approach to analyze human patterns of kinship and myths. This research was further extended by various others such as Mary Douglas. Levi-Strauss per formed his further research to identify the reasons for existence of similar myths present in different cultures. He explained that no myth has a value in its singular form and in order to have a meaning; it is supposed to have a certain place in myth’s network or structure. Hence, myths exists universally and they are source of resolutions to social conflicts. Along with myths, rituals and traditions, food and activities related to it play a vital role in understanding relationships existing between cultures. Levi-Strauss (1966, 1970) helped in identifying common patterns among different cultures and segregated the manner of culinary art of cooking in three fundamental categories i.e. boiling, roasting and steaming. These fundamental cooking principles indicated that through norms and methods adopted by a group of people, a meaning is produced in a culture which is reproduced and evolved through other peripheral practices. Activities as diverse as food preparations and exist ence of millions of recipes concluded that there were some common factors underlying in these cultures and they indicated a particular pattern of kinship that is known to different groups and individuals existing in a society, operating at unconscious level

Thursday, October 17, 2019

Critical Communication Event on Radio Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Critical Communication Event on Radio - Essay Example Media covered the event as the lack of communication between the Airline personal and the Orto but some people believed that Airline personal must let the Orto to board the plane, however, Airline personal have the idea that a person with such size may be a problem for the neighbor passenger. In fact, the rude attitude of Orto led him to be refused to board the plane. The event caught the attention of many newspaper and news agencies, where most of the reporters have the view that it was the impolite attitude of Orto that made the authorities to deny him from boarding the plane. As the communication event, the event sounds a communication gap between Orto and the Airline personnel but history is full of the events that made people to think in the manner that a authority wants. It could be beneficent for the people to have knowledge about the rules of the Southwest Airline. However, it could be worse for the people who are targeted to spend extra money to buy extra seat as per their size. As the radio communication lacks to target certain audience, the messages are conveyed to all the people irrespective that the messages could harm the mind of a person or a group of people. eTurboNews Inc. (2010). Passenger not allowed to board the plane because hes "too large to fly†. eTN. Retrieved October 28, 2011, from

Language and Intercultural Skills in European SMES Essay

Language and Intercultural Skills in European SMES - Essay Example In effect, this underlines the global approach that business is taking. In this case, globalisation does not only affect the multinational corporations, but also affects SMEs. Thus, remaining competitive and adapting to the modern business environment is the most essential approach towards the global business phenomenon. Adapting to the new business models requires SMEs to acquire new skills essential for remaining competitive. In this regard, SMEs should not continue with the usual methods of transacting business. One important object for these businesses is to ensure that they learned foreign languages enhance their competitiveness in the business world. It is important to point out that, customers will always appreciate conducting business while speaking their language. In effect, managers will always find it competitive to learn foreign languages as an essential skill to conduct their businesses. On the other hand, it is crucial for managers to learn intercultural skills since â €Å"Geography is dead† on a business perspective. However, in order for SMEs' managers to learn foreign languages and intercultural skills, it is important for businesses, governments, and university to collaborate in order to prepare young managers to adapt to the competitive global market effectively. Therefore, the first part of this expose discusses the importance of learning foreign languages in SMEs, in Europe. The second part is a discussion of the importance of intercultural skills for these SMEs. Finally, the final part of the expose is a discussion of the collaborative efforts businesses, governments, and the university can implement to prepare the budding managers to a competitive global business environment. Importance of Foreign Language Skills for European SMEs English is ideally the formal language for conducting business in Europe. However, there are other important languages that an individual should learn in order for them to transact business in an orderly manner. Some of these languages include Spanish, French, and German, among other languages. In this regard, failure to learn foreign languages limits SMEs in terms of market reach and expansion. According to the European Union (2003, p. 39), SMEs are small and medium-sized enterprises, which meet a set definition criteria of staff headcount, annual balance sheet and turnover. On the other hand, skills in foreign languages ensure that the time taken for negotiations is shorter and since managers in SMEs are able to build relationships while communicating in the local language of the countries of their operations. Besides, foreign language skills are crucial in eliminating poor judgement since managers are able to interpret data by understanding the foreign language. According to Maurais and Morris (2003, p.1), â€Å"Global communications challenges are becoming increasingly prominent in a rapidly changing world characterised by rising interdependence.† In this regard, this imp lies that no single business unit can survive on its own without depending on another business. In this case, a business needs suppliers and producers of the goods and services that formed their business operations. Importantly, businesses and customers have a symbiotic relationship enabled by communication. Communication entails passing information and obtaining feedback between two parties, which is possible by understanding

Wednesday, October 16, 2019

Critical Communication Event on Radio Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Critical Communication Event on Radio - Essay Example Media covered the event as the lack of communication between the Airline personal and the Orto but some people believed that Airline personal must let the Orto to board the plane, however, Airline personal have the idea that a person with such size may be a problem for the neighbor passenger. In fact, the rude attitude of Orto led him to be refused to board the plane. The event caught the attention of many newspaper and news agencies, where most of the reporters have the view that it was the impolite attitude of Orto that made the authorities to deny him from boarding the plane. As the communication event, the event sounds a communication gap between Orto and the Airline personnel but history is full of the events that made people to think in the manner that a authority wants. It could be beneficent for the people to have knowledge about the rules of the Southwest Airline. However, it could be worse for the people who are targeted to spend extra money to buy extra seat as per their size. As the radio communication lacks to target certain audience, the messages are conveyed to all the people irrespective that the messages could harm the mind of a person or a group of people. eTurboNews Inc. (2010). Passenger not allowed to board the plane because hes "too large to fly†. eTN. Retrieved October 28, 2011, from

Tuesday, October 15, 2019

Correlations In research Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words - 1

Correlations In research - Essay Example Depending on the type of the research, the data are later analyzed to draw out provable conclusions. For instance, a research can focus on climate and its effect on agriculture. From the relationship between agricultural productivity and climate, variables can be identified to aid in the process of information collection. In the long run, a relevant hypothesis is then formulated which will be rejected or accepted depending on the outcome of the research. The favorability of climate is inversely proportional to the quality of agricultural productivity in an area. In proving such a hypothesis, some of the most common working definitions are thus listed herein. I. Good climate - a good climate is one which fosters the production of agricultural products. Farming heavily relies on the pattern of rainfall. However, excessive rainfall destroys the crops in the field. The most conducive rainfall pattern, therefore, is one in which it rains moderately. A moderate rainfall is between twenty to sixty millimeters per day. According to this research, a good climate is therefore measured in terms of the volume of rainfall an area receives in a week. An unfavorable climate is characterized by below ten millimeters of rainfall a day. II. Research productivity-The number of researches carried out in an area defines its productivity in terms of contributing to human development. In this context, the productivity is compared on the number of researches that are produced in the region within a period of one year. A bad productivity infers zero to twenty cases within a year. On the other hand, good productivity refers to the production of fifty to one hundred researches per year (Sharon and Anthony 66). Operational definitions make it possible for computation of research variables. Furthermore, the definitions of the conflicting factors make it easier for one to carry an effective research on the issues. The goodness of climate is defined in a manner that enables

Staying Friends With Your Ex After Divorce Essay Example for Free

Staying Friends With Your Ex After Divorce Essay Once the ink is dry on the divorce papers, it seems that some exes are becoming friends with each other. I am always surprised to hear that a divorced couple becomes so close again after everything ended. I would assume that they were unhappy together and looking forward to meeting new people and finding new ways to spend their time. The BFF with your ex phenomena is not fiction. These days, in many post-divorce situations its become fact. Recently, I attended a friends daughters wedding. He had been divorced from his ex-wife for many years and didnt speak much about her. At the reception, I was surprised to see that his relationship with the ex-spouse appeared to be sweeter than the wedding cake. They were chatting up a storm. Laughing at each others jokes. Dancing closely together. Sharing stories with their friends over cocktails. They were even feeding each other wedding cake, acting as though they had just met and fallen in love! I found this to be truly fascinating. Sure, I have heard of exes being civil following their split, even spending holidays together. However, this seemed to be more than just a cordial hello and how have you been? Curious about what would prompt two people to rekindle a friendship after a divorce, I pulled my friend aside and asked him about it. Point blank, he told me that he and his ex-wife were best friends. Best friends? I thought. Really? He went on to say nothings perfect and that maybe they expected too much from each other during the marriage. Now, they both feel that they make better friends than they did a married couple. Staying close with your ex In Hollywood, it seems that being close with your ex is becoming commonplace, as well. Kate Hudson and her ex-husband Chris Robinson were spotted recently at a park in Malibu with their son. Also in attendance were Robinsons present wife and their daughter. Ashlee Simpson and Pete Wentz who filed for divorce, both made it publically known that they still care for each other. It looks like time does heal all wounds and family comes first. In all of these cases, children were involved and its great to see that many parents put aside any hard feelings so they can focus on the needs of their children.

Monday, October 14, 2019

Culture Impact On International Business

Culture Impact On International Business Whereas traditional International Business research has been concerned with economic/legal issues and organizational forms and structures, the importance of culture has become increasingly important in the last two decades, largely as a result of the classic work of Hofstede (1980). Culture has been shown to impact on International Business, especially on the aspect of group performance (Gibson, 1999). This paper mainly analyzes the impact of culture on International Business. And in order to analysis it well, firstly we will talk about the definition, levels and Hofstedes theory of culture in the section 2. Then in section 3, we discuss the adverse and beneficial impact on International Business respectively in detail. Section 4 concludes. What is culture? Terpstra and David (1991, p.6) defined culture as , a learned, shared, compelling, interrelated set of symbols whose meanings provide a set of orientations for members of a society. And the aspects of culture include value and beliefs, communication, norms of behavior, customs and art, music, dance, sport (Morrison, 2006, p.169). It is essential for us to obtain the knowledge of culture because we communicate with each other through language; anticipate how business partners and customers are likely to respond; distinguish between what is considered right or wrong, acceptable or offensive and identify with other managers, provide knowledge to meet and negotiate with them. There are at least three levels of culture: National culture Nations are distinguishable from each other by a shared cultural history, such as language, religion, ethnic or racial identity. Together, these distinguishing characteristics blend into a national culture, which influences family life, education, organizational culture and economic and political structures (Morrison, 2006, p.172). Organizational or corporate culture Morrison (2006, p.195) indicated that the characteristics of organizational culture include: Common language and shared terminology; Norms of behavior, such as relations between management and employees; Preferences for formal or informal means of communication within the company and with associated companies; Dominant values of the organization, such as high product quality and customer orientation; Degree of empowerment of employees throughout the organization; and Systems of rules that specify dos and donts of employee behavior. Professional culture Professional cultures form as people, who span individual organizations, share a set of norms, values and beliefs related to their occupation (Van Maanen and Barley, 1984; Jordan, 1990; Trice and Beyer, 1993) Morrison (2006, p.191-192) mentioned that differences in national values and attitudes have been the subject of considerable research. Hofstede (1994) has developed a theory to categorize and quantify cultural differences between nations, which allowing us to compare national cultures. The cultural dimensions are: Power distance: the extent to which members of society accept the unequal distribution of power inside organizations. Uncertainty avoidance: how members of a society cope with the uncertainties of everyday life. Individualism: the extent to which individuals perceive themselves as independent and autonomous beings (as opposed to collectivism, in which people see themselves as integrated into ingroups). Masculinity: the degree to which people prefer values of success/competition over modesty/concern for others (as opposed to femininity, which denotes sensitivity, caring and an emphasis on quality of life). Long-term vs. short-term orientation: peoples time perspectives in their daily lives. How does culture impact on International Business? International business refers to business activities that straddle two or more countries (Morrison, 2006, p.5). As the rapid growth of globalization, more and more international business such as Joint Venture have emerged and developed fast. Therefore, it is very essential to talk about the elements which influence the international business. And one of the crucial elements will be analyzed in this paper is culture. As discussed above, cultures are different from countries to countries. For international business, grasping the cultural differences between the global and the local is the key to build long-term relationship and obtain success. For example, in Asian cultures, doing business is not confined merely to working hours, but blends into social occasions such as meals together, where bonds of trust are built and where sensitivity to cultural values and norms can be critical (Morrison, 2006, p.169). The other example is in joint ventures, the need for cooperation and trust between partners is the key to long-term success. Blending the culture of different locations into a distinctive corporate culture can strengthen the sense of corporate identity, but poses considerable challenges for international managers. The global merger-between countries of different national cultures-is an illustration of the difficulties that can arise when strong national cultures clash (Morrison, 2006, p.195-196) In each case, achieving a successful outcome, in both the initial agreement and the long-term business relationship, will depend on sensitivity to differences in languages, value systems and norms of behavior between themselves and their hosts. In short, being attuned to cultural differences can directly affect the success or failure of the project (Morrison, 2006, p.168). Pothukuchi et al.s (2002) findings suggest that cultural differences stemming from national, organizational and professional cultures have influence on international alliance performance. Li, Lam and Qian (2001) also pointed out that national culture can influence managerial decision-making, leadership style and human resource management practices and all these factors influence a firms performance in acquiring and deploying resources (Puffer, 1993; House, Hanges, et al. 1999). The adverse effect of culture in International Business Sirmon and Lane (2004) explained that the influence of national culture is strong and long lasting. For example, Hofstede (1991) found that national culture explains 50% of the differences in managers attitudes, beliefs, and values. Thus, national culture differences between alliance partners can challenge the development of successful relationships. Park and Ungson (1997) supplemented that these challenges result partially from the lack of shared norms or values and this lack of common understanding may undermine the partners interpretation of each others strategic intent, which is crucial in global markets and partnerships (Hitt et al., 1995). Further, a lack of shared norms and values may reduce effective communication (Rao and Schmidt, 1998), trust (Aulakh et al., 1996; Doney et al., 1998) and knowledge sharing in joint ventures (Parkhe, 1991; Mohr and Spekman, 1994; Lyles and Salk, 1996). These problems, in turn, have been found to lead to lower alliance performance (Lane et al. , 2001). Whats more, differences in national culture can disrupt collaboration and learning between alliance partners (Lane and Beamish, 1990; Parkhe, 1991; Lyles and Salk, 1996; Hennart and Zeng, 2002). Sirmon and Lane (2004) explained this opinion in detail as following: an international alliances performance is driven by the alliances effectiveness in achieving its primary value-creating activities. Resource complementarity between alliance partners is often a necessary condition to optimize this value creation (Harrison et al., 2001). However, in order to share, combine and leverage complementary resources, the partners employees must interact effectively. And the cultural differences inhibit international alliance partners employees ability to interact effectively. Not only that national culture differences between alliance partners can challenge the development of successful relationships and the achievement of effectiveness in the alliances primary value-creating activities, but also the organizational culture differences can. Whereas national culture relates primarily to deep-seated values, organizational culture relates primarily to shared beliefs in organizational practices and processes (Hofstede et al., 1990). Sirmon and Lane (2004) found that organizational culture is important to the success of mergers and acquisitions. Weber et al. (1996) found that dissimilar organizational cultures between acquirer and target decreased top managers cooperation and increased negative attitudes toward the merger. Generally, similarity of partners organizational culture increases partner learning, satisfaction and effectiveness of interactions, whereas differences in organizational culture decrease these positive outcomes. In short, decreased learning, satisfaction and effectiveness of interactions impede the business processes used to share combine and leverage resources such as knowledge, relationships and physical assets. Thus partners with dissimilar organizational cultures will be less likely to effectively achieve the alliances primary value-creating activities. Research suggested that national and organizational culture differences between the employees of international companies affect their interactions, but Sirmon and Lane (2004) expanded the consideration of cultural differences to include professional culture differences. They stated that professional culture differences are often the most relevant and salient cultural differences that the interacting employees face, and thus professional culture differences are the most disruptive to the alliances effectiveness in achieving its primary value-creating activities. Professional cultures develop through the socialization that individuals receive during their occupational education and training (Van Maanen and Barley, 1984; Jordan, 1990) This initial socialization is then reinforced through their professional experiences and interactions that lead to a broad understanding of how their occupation should be conducted (Brown and Duguid, 1991; Lave and Wenger, 1991). Sirmon and Lane (2004) stated that it is disappointing when international alliance partners require employees from different professional cultures to interface in the primary value-creating activity of the alliance. The reason is because these employees lack a common basis from which to interact effectively due to their distinct occupational socialization and resulting professional cultures. First, individuals from separate professional cultures lack a shared set of basic knowledge because their occupational socialization involved different content material, which is reinforced by different professional experiences. Second, these individuals often lack experience communicating with an auditing audience outside their professional culture. Thus communication between individuals from separate professional cultures is impaired. Both of these factors impede the finding of common ground from which the relationship can develop and produce value (Lane and Lubatkin, 1998). In such cases, the development of basic routines is required to help establish a base of shared knowledge in order to communicate adequately. Developing such routines requires time, which leads to increased expenses and could lead to increased frustration (Park and Ungson, 1997). Even if these two obstacles can be adequately overcome, individuals from different professional cultures may still have deeply ingrained preferences in their approach to solving problems (Brown and Duguid, 1991; Lave and Wenger, 1991). These differences may be difficult to overcome, as the employees may reflect the not-invented-here syndrome, which is the resistance to the utilization of knowledge created elsewhere (Michailova and Husted, 2003). Further, attempts to compromise in the approach taken in problem-solving is likely to lead to less desirable outcomes. For example, if a compromise is reached, and members from both professional cultures abandon their preferred problem-solving approach, both effectively eliminate a significant amount of their valuable tacit knowledge. Likewise, if either member abandons their preferred problem-solving approach, the alliance has effectively lost the expertise of one half of its contributing members. The challenges discussed above inhibit the effective interaction of individuals from different professional cultures within an international alliance. This then decreases the likelihood that the alliances pooled complementary resources will be shared, combined and leveraged in a manner that effectively achieves the alliances primary value-creating activities. In one noteworthy study, Barkema and Vermeulen (1997) examined the influence of differences in partners national cultures on international alliance performance using Hofstedes (1980, 1991) dimensions of national culture. They found that partner differences in two of the dimensions (uncertainty avoidance and long-term orientation) had a strong negative relationship with the survival of the collaboration over several different periods. However, the other three dimensions of national culture (individualism, power distance, masculinity) did not. Differences in uncertainty avoidance and long-term orientation could represent differences in how partners perceive and adapt to opportunities and threats in their environment (Schneider, 1991; Schneider and De Meyer, 1991), and thus may be more difficult to resolve than differences along the other three dimensions, which represent attitudes towards personnel. In conclusion, cultural differences have adverse impact on the performance of international business. The beneficial effect of culture in International Business Sirmon and Lane (2004) stated that other evidence suggests that differences in national culture can be beneficial. Because managers tend to be more aware of the potential challenges when working with foreign partners, they may be more willing to spend effort on avoiding misunderstandings in international alliances than they would in domestic alliances (Very et al., 1996). In such cases, differences in national culture can lead to high-level communication and a more sustained collaboration (Shenkar and Zeira, 1992; Park and Ungson, 1997). Thus, in some cases, increased national culture differences can lead to higher international alliance performance (Morosini et al., 1998). In addition, societal culture per se may also be seen as part of a firms resources, leading to a competitive advantage (Porter, 1991; Dunning and Bansal, 1997). Porter (1991) pointed out that the competitive advantage of firms could be derived from the greater commitment. Dunning and Bansal (1997) further suggested that this greater commitment might well be based on cultural values observed in some countries, and not in others. For example, many individualistic cultures, such as US, may have an advantage in technological assets, whilst many collectivistic cultures, such as Japan, may benefit from the ways in which they organize their workforce and establish relations between contractors, suppliers and joint venture partners (Dunning and Bansal, 1997). With their different competitive advantages, firms may adopt different strategies. If manager of these firms adopt appropriate strategies by making use of the competitive advantages derived from cultural values, these firms may achieve great success. There is another example exhibit the beneficial effect on the International Business. According to Hofstedes dimensions of national culture Li, Lam and Qian (2001) stated that, long-term orientation means focusing on the future. With this long-term orientation, people in East Asia such as China are more likely to emphasize education and training, and practice persistence, thriftiness and the delay of immediate gratification. Wuhan City, which is known as Chicago in China contacted New World, a major Hong Kong developer, to negotiate a loan to complete an airport-linking expressway project. Focusing on building a long-term relationship with Wuhan City, New World soon agreed to provide the loan without discussing details traditionally seen in western-style negotiations. According to Cheng (1997), an impassioned plea for help from Wuhans public work chief, Zhang Ke Xiao, led to a handshake gamble without sight of a feasibility study or a contract. (p.30). With this relationship-oriented negotiation, New World set up good ties with the government in Wuhan City and other Chinese cities. These relationships proved very helpful during later negotiations in China. In fact, many overseas Chinese firms adopt a similar approach. Tung (1982) has also observed this long-term perspective, claiming that the Chinese have a different concept of time, as compared to that of the Western world, they are interested in building the basis for long-term relationships. Essentially, this means that once a foreign firm has gained their trust and has demonstrated its goodwill and willingness to lend assistance to the country, the Chinese will try to reciprocate in kind, whenever possible. (p. 30) In conclusion, cultural differences also have beneficial impact on the performance of international business. Conclusion This paper analyzes how culture impact on the International Business. It turns out that culture has either adverse or beneficial effect on the International Business performance. On the adverse aspect of culture, Sirmon and Lane (2004) indicated that national culture differences between alliance partners can challenge the development of successful relationships. Further, a lack of shared norms and values may reduce effective communication (Rao and Schmidt, 1998), trust (Aulakh et al., 1996; Doney et al., 1998) and knowledge sharing in joint ventures (Parkhe, 1991; Mohr and Spekman, 1994; Lyles and Salk, 1996). These problems, in turn, have been found to lead to lower alliance performance (Lane et al., 2001). Whats more, Weber et al. (1996) found that dissimilar organizational cultures between acquirer and target decreased top managers cooperation and increased negative attitudes toward the merger. Sirmon and Lane (2004) expanded the consideration of professional culture differences, which are often the most relevant and salient cultural differences that the interacting employees face. And it is disappointing when international alliance partners require employees from different professional cultures to interface in the primary value-creating activity of the alliance. The reason is because these employees lack a common basis from which to interact effectively due to their distinct occupational socialization and resulting professional cultures. On the beneficial aspect of culture, managers may be more willing to spend effort on avoiding misunderstandings in international alliances than they would in domestic alliances. In such cases, differences in national culture can lead to high-level communication and a more sustained collaboration (Shenkar and Zeira, 1992; Park and Ungson, 1997). In addition, Porter (1991) pointed out that the competitive advantage of firms could be derived from the greater commitment based on cultural values observed in some countries, and not in others. For example, the long-term orientation in China leads to a helpful long-term relationship between international businesses.

Sunday, October 13, 2019

The Perfect Couple in Woman in White Essay -- Wilkie Collins Woman in

The Perfect Couple  in Woman in White  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   In the Woman in White, the author gives the reader many opportunities to find their favorite romantic plot. The reader is left to wonder which characters are well suited for each other. We are given the choices of the gentlemanly Walter and the feminine Laura or Laura and the deceitful Sir Percival. It seems to this reader that the author gave us the answer to the puzzling perfect couple question; only, the perfect couple is really a perfect trio- Walter, Laura, and Marian. Walter did not have to make a choice between the two main female characters because they made it for him. It is obvious that Laura and Marian complete each other. We see that whatever qualities Laura lacks, Marian has, and vice versa. These two women combine to make the perfect woman. Let us first examine Laura. Walter seems to fall in love with Laura at first sight. She is the image of the perfect Victorian woman. She is beautiful, rich, and pliant. She is willing to do whatever it takes to make other people happy. She has a dee...

Saturday, October 12, 2019

Alexander’s Vast Accomplishments as a Conquerer Essay -- alexander the

The first matter to consider is what constitutes â€Å"greatness†. There are no set standards no checklist, to apply to a person, to determine it they are â€Å"great.† The simplest way that I could conceive to decide whether this title should apply to Alexander was to determine if he was, in some way, superior to the rulers that came before or after his reign. The most obvious place for me to start my consideration is with Alexander’s vast accomplishments as a conquerer. Alexander inherited an impressive military from his father and a stable kingdom; he also followed his father’s plans to invade Asia. Does this detract from his own accomplishments with the Macedonian army? I would argue that it does not. It does not matter how large his or how well trained his standing army had been, there can be no success without some form of military leadership. Alexander began his military campaign and his rule much where his father left off. Whether or not it was his aim, this created a sense of normality for the men that was part of his father’s regime. Alexander’s position as a warrior-king who stood side-by-side among his men also served to create respect among his peers. Gradually, as Alexander conquered more Persian land, he began to adopt the policies of Persian rulers. Alexander’s change in policy extended beyond just political roles, he gave consideration to the local gods in many of the lands that he conquered. Eventually, Alexander brought people in from the conquered nations to serve under him. It is unknown whether Alexander intended to adopt these practices; if he adopted the policies that he liked; or if he adopted policies for political purposes. No matter his intentions, Alexander’s changes in leadership pol... ...here are few people in history that can claim the military prowess, uncanny political maneuvering, and the overall lasting effect of the dissemination of a particular culture such as Alexander. Alexander’s exploits led to the spread of the Greek culture throughout Asia and Africa. They even went so far as to impact the Romans who dominated Hellenistic Egypt. He left in his wake and expansion of territory and commerce, with expanded trading ports and the exportation of the Greek political system. Christianity emerged with the Hellenization of the Jews and spread throughout Hellenized gentile communities. It seems impossible to catalogue every impact of Alexander’s empire. In the end, I have to conclude that Alexander does ‘fully deserve’ the title of â€Å"the Great.† Works Cited Worthington, Ian. Alexander The Great: A Reader. New York: Routledge, 2012.

Friday, October 11, 2019

Oscar Wilde’s The Importance of Being Earnest

Art from its very beginning has played the role of upgrading the value of the society. Literature works have taken the responsibility of improving the value of the degraded societies. Literature works are the perfect mirrors of the nature, culture and practices prevailed in societies existed in different ages. Literature of twentieth century would differ from that of the twenty-first century. The characters of the literature works are the representatives of the generation of that period. Poets and authors were very much aware and bothered about the society and people and used their pen as a sword to destroy the evilness that existed. The best way to learn history and culture and the life of early generations is to move through the literature works of that particular period.Plays of famous playwrights beautifully illustrate the whole generation of that age. It will also reflect the dialect and standard of the generation. Writings in particular have the capability to touch the very bas e of the society by criticizing and applauding its activities, conventions, customs and practices. All the plays, novels and other works have something good to exhort to the society. A piece of writing will be highly influenced by the background of the author and the place which he represents. The Importance of Being Earnest by Oscar Wilde and Hamlet by William Shakespeare are two examples of such works that contain high moral and social theme in it. The Importance of Being Earnest of Oscar Wilde is an ultimate demolition of late nineteenth-century moral and social attitudes and is a comic critique of late Victorian value.Oscar Wilde's witty remark ‘The truth is rarely pure and never simple’ exhibits a major theme of the play. ‘Truth’ in Victorian England was revealed in the stagnant social conventions that suppressed individual expression. The play openly criticized various sluggish and vein practices. Oscar Wilde was against this conventional notion of tr uth as it was used to keep blinders on the society and prevented individuals from looking at life from different angles. He wanted define truth to a different way. He did not respect anything which is traditionally considered as truth value or morality.He was against the rigid set of rules that are supposed to be as truth or justice. There were various examples of human nature and reality that were evident throughout the play The Importance of Being Earnest. Human practices and the belief about morality or justice often will be quite away from the actual truth or justice. It is also a fantasy in which unattainable human ideals are permitted to realize themselves. He wonders what does it mean to be perfectly earnest? How does it differ from society and people? He himself was found to be perplexed while exploring certain things and cry out what meaning does the word earnest give. Oscar Wilde himself addressed this play as ‘A trivial comedy for serious people'. The moral confusio n in the play is an example of the mishap that prevailed in the contemporary Victorian society.In The Importance of Being Earnest, the concept of marriage is of paramount importance. The question of the nature of marriage appears first time in the opening dialogue among Algernon and his butler, Lane, and this point continues for a while. The play depicts an ongoing debate about the nature of marriage, discussing whether it is ‘pleasant’ or ‘unpleasant.’ Lane says that marriage is a pleasant state though he late says that his marriage was the consequence of a serious ‘misunderstanding between myself and a young person’. The concepts of Lane about marriage is ‘somewhat lax’ as far as Algernon is concerned.His concepts are found to be persistently cynical till he falls in love with Cecily. Algernon, but, opines that the truth â€Å"isn’t quite the sort of thing one tells to a nice, sweet, refined girl.† These contrasting and confusing views of these characters of the play are the original reflection of the chaotic Victorian society and their morality. The Importance of Being Earnest intended nothing but pure criticism.In general these assumptions reveal the conventional preoccupations of Victorian respectability; its social position, character and income. Morality and the constraints is also a major topic throughout The Importance of Being Earnest. Algernon (character) is of the opinion that it is the responsibility of the servant class to set a moral standard for the upper classes. In Jack’s (character) opinion, reading a private cigarette case itself can be ‘ungentlemanly.’ Algernon points that ‘More than half of modern culture depends on what one shouldn’t read’.   All these assumptions and restrictions formulated a strict code of morals that prevail in Victorian society. Oscar Wilde is not bothered with questions of what is moral and what is not.He howe ver criticizes the whole Victorian concept of considering morality as a rigid body of rules defining what people should and should not do. ‘Earnestness’, which stands for the quality of being serious and the quality of being sincere, is the chief object of satire of the play. Oscar Wilde wants us to consider irreverence, the opposite of earnestness, as the true moral character. But, earnestness, seriousness or sincerity is the chief most enemy of morality in The Importance of Being Earnest. Earnestness may appear in different styles like boringness, solemnity pomposity, smugness, self-righteousness, sense of duty, and complacency all of which Wilde saw as hallmarks of the Victorian character.For Oscar Wilde, the term earnest is a combination of two ideas: the notion of false truth as well as the idea of false morality. We can see Jack and Algernon attempting to break away from the strictures of modesty and decency by inventing some fabricated alter egos. It is nothing b ut the false morality and values of the Victorian society that impelled them for this. These incidents are the pure example of the haughtiness, smugness and other false practices prevailed in the Victorian society. The Importance of Being Earnest. Criticizes the whole Victorian morality; their false strictness and practices.The pun in the play strikes at the core of the Victorian concept of duty and respectability. We can see Gwendolen desiring to marry Earnest though she is not sure of this earnestness. She simply forgives the deception of Jack. Jack pretends to be both ‘Earnest’ and ‘earnest’ and become the representative of Victorian hypocrisy in the play. The notion of inversion (different types of inversion) found in The Importance of Being Earnest. is also intended to criticize similar morality in the Victorian society. Algernon says that ‘Divorces are made in Heaven’ which is against the common notion that ‘Marriages are made in He aven’. Jack later says that it is ‘terrible’ for a man to be truthful throughout his life.This represents the decayed morality and practices prevailed in the contemporary Victorian society. The characters of the play simply inverted the conventional morality and displayed the standard of the Victorian society in their actions. The female characters of The Importance of Being Earnest. symbolize an inversion of accepted Victorian practices with respect to the gender roles. Gwendolen, Cecily, Lady Bracknell and al other characters possess a face of deception and false morality. The weakness of the characters represents the weakness of the contemporary Victorian society. The moral paradox, the moral breakdown of the Victorian society is the most evident theme of the play.Jokes about death are also visible throughout the play The Importance of Being Earnest. These death jokes give a layer of dark humor to the play and connect to the concept of life being a work of art . The characters in the play discuss death as a happening over which a person can gain control. Double life is another concept that is visible in The Importance of Being Earnest. One of the important paradoxes of The Importance of Being Earnest is the state of impossibility to become earnest or moral even though some people claim to be so. We can see Lady Bracknell commenting about death. An incident of inversion happens as she says that her friend Lady Harbury appears twenty years younger after her husband’s death. She is of the opinion that ‘death is an inconvenience for others’. When she hears about the death of Bunbury (as per the physicians’ predictions) she praises Bunbury as she moved ‘under proper medical advice’.As per the talk of Miss Prism, death is an experience from which people can learn a moral lesson. She opines that it would be good for Ernest to die. Algernon and Jack put plans for killing the imaginary brother of Jack. These superstitions, ignorance, death jokes or dark humor explain life as a wok of art. The character of the play considers death as something which is under the control of man. For them death is the ultimate decision that one can take to shape and color his life. These characters, their beliefs, thoughts and morality are directly pulled out from the life in the Victorian society. Victorian people maintained the same ideology during those times. Oscar Wilde was planning an open criticism through his play The Importance of Being Earnest.ReferencesJordan, R. J. (1970). Satire and Fantasy in Wilde's The Importance of Being Earnest.Reinert, O. (1956). Satiric Strategy in The Importance Of Being Earnest.Bloom, Harold. Oscar Wilde. New York: Chelsea House, 1985.Ericksen, Donald H. Oscar Wilde. Boston: Twayne Publishers, 1977.Freedman, Jonathan, ed. Oscar Wilde, A Collection of Critical Essays. Upper Saddle River, New Jersey: Prentice Hall, 1996.Gagnier, Regenia. Idylls of the Marketplace, Osca r Wilde and the Victorian Public. Palo Alto, California: Stanford University Press, 1986.Pearce, Joseph. The Unmasking of Oscar Wilde. London: HarperCollins UK, 2001.Raby, Peter. Oscar Wilde. New York: Cambridge University Press, 1988.Siebold, Thomas. Readings on The Importance of Being Earnest. San Diego, California: Greenhaven Press, 2001.

Thursday, October 10, 2019

Henrician Reformation

To What Extent Was The Henrician Reformation Inspired By The Political And Dynastic Consideration Rather Than Religious Ideology? The Henrician Reformation posed many religiously inspired ideology as well as both political and dynastic considerations. Evidence shows all three played their particular part in successfully inspiring the Henrician Reformation. From various acts being passed in 1533 and 1534, with one of them being The Act of Supremacy, in which Henry’s dynasty becomes more powerful than it was before. However, religiously the reformation was inspired by such things as, the break from Rome and the Pope due to Henry’s need for a divorce form Catherine of Aragon. Also the denominational faith of England being changed to the new ‘Church of England’ faith. Henry’s dynasty was in tact right up to the point in which he died. This was due to, The Supremacy Act. He got what he wanted in terms of wealth, divorce, etc. and the people were fine with his power as it didn’t per say affect until he began closing the monasteries. Henry used parliament and politics to make known his growing supremacy over the Church of England faith. He did initially do this to allow the annulment of his marriage to Catherine of Aragon. In the 1540s, as Henry’s health go down hill and was not very substantial, William Paget and Co. rallied a successful overthrow against the conservatives. This in turn allowed them to not only control the king’s will but also seize power in the next reign. The Henrician Reformation did however become inspired by religious ideology. The pregnancy of Anne Boleyn ignited Henry’s already urgent plea to be granted a divorce from his current wife, Catherine of Aragon. The pregnancy itself was a social faux par and id not please the Pope and the divorce proceedings would only make the issue worse. This was the first religious inspiration, which could be said to have inspired the Henrician Reformation, which eventually resulted in the break from Rome and the Pope, giving England its new Protestant faith, The Church of England. Once Henry had succumbed to the inevitable loss of his money he and Thomas Cromwell devised a plan to close the monasteries. This would allow Henry to gain money form the tithes and annates. In 1536 the Ten Articles were published. The Ten Articles declared that ‘Christ’s body and blood were actually present ‘substantially’. This statement meant that it could be used by Catholics or Lutherans as well. It was done in the thinking that it would justify the articles which proclaimed that ‘sinners attain the justification by contrition and faith joined with chanty’. This was a Catholic fixation. 3 years later, in 1539, The Act of Six Articles was published. It was published as it came to light that England was not as protestant as hoped and still remained substantially Catholic. Denial of transubstantiation was made punishable by burning. Politically and dynastically the reformation was inspired but evidence shows that without the religious ideology, it wouldn’t have become such a famous reform. Religious ideology initially started off the reformation, with Henry wanting a male heir to the throne of England. Dynastic and political considerations only back-up the initial fact. The Henrician Reformation began with religion and although it was inspired by politics and dynasty, this can’t take away from the fact that religion had a profound effect on the Henrician Reformation.

Wednesday, October 9, 2019

Suggestions for President Obama's Strategy of Declaring Essay

Suggestions for President Obama's Strategy of Declaring - Essay Example United States is one of the countries considered with the best constitutions globally. However, there are several functional departments that citizens are crying foul of their effectiveness in the country, for instance, the congress. Basically, I agree with Obama’s suggestion that he cannot wait for a â€Å"dysfunctional† congress due to the constitutional system adopted by the United States. This paper focuses on difficulties imposed on policy making by the United States’ constitutional system. It also discuses why founders opted for a system based on separation of power, checks and balances. Moreover, it evaluates its effectiveness in the present situation of the United States. Finally, it offers personal suggestions on Obama’s strategy on declaration that he cannot wait for a â€Å"dysfunctional† congress and suggests several policies. United States is considered the world super power with strong and operational constitutional system. However, th e policies system and structure were only effective in the past years. This is because in the past years United States had really advanced both economically and politically. In the recent few years, the constitutional system adopted by United States has proved ineffective and unreliable (Child 48). This is due to non-responsive nature of the system to the problems facing the country over the past few years. In the past years that is twentieth century, united states have been faced with series of problems that have greatly compromised its position globally and exposed certain weaknesses of the constitutional system on policy making and implementation (Congress 37). United states have been faced with series of problems most of which can be controlled by the country, but the policy making procedure adopted in the constitution does not allow for quick response to such issues due to the legal procedures. For instance, unemployment rate have greatly increased in the United States over the past years (Schwartz 90). Basically, this has been caused by trade with china. China offers cheap products in the country which cannot be adequately and effectively competed against by the country’s locally produced commodities. This has led to closure of several companies’ especially local company. This is because they cannot adequately compete against Chinese products due to their market prices. This has led to exportation of unemployment from china to the United States (Leebrick 79). United States is the largest importer of Chinese products. Low cost of Chinese products is due to their currency value and regulation by the government on value regulation of the currency. Though this has caused United States its economic strength and china emerging as a potential contender as a global power house, United States have done little on addressing the issue (Schwartz 43). The country through its legislation could have suspended trade with china so as to address the problems in the economy due to the trade. However, this has taken long and the country has been frequently faced with similar problems arising from trade between the country and china. The issue has not been addressed due to the policy making procedure in the country and separation of power, checks and balances that take long. According to the constitution of the country, there are several departments and legal investigation and considerations that have to be taken before sanctioning trade with china. This shows the weak

Tuesday, October 8, 2019

The management of ipratroprium during an asthma attack Essay

The management of ipratroprium during an asthma attack - Essay Example It is however important to realize that the administration of Ipratropium should be managed in a way that makes its use safe for the patient. The delivery of Ipratropium is carried out in the form of aerosolized solution through the use of a metered dose inhaler. The recommended dosage of Ipratropium in inhaled solutions is 500 mcg given 6 or 8 hourly. Therapeutic benefit starts within 30 seconds and reach its 50% level by the end of 3 minutes; this effect persists for about 6 hours. Being a quaternary ammonium compound, ipratropium carries a positive charge and is therefore not easily absorbed from lungs; hence systemic absorption is minimal which makes it a safe compound. Significant improvement in pulmonary function becomes apparent within a time span of 15 to 30 minutes. Combinations of ipratropium and albuterol are also marketed, the use of which should be avoided in patients who have a known allergy to Peanuts, since soya lecithin is used as a career in such combinations (Lehne,

Monday, October 7, 2019

BP oil company Knowledge management Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

BP oil company Knowledge management - Assignment Example This is then followed by a discussion on Knowledge management leadership provision and the research reveals that mid-level BP leadership together with excellence coordinators are responsible for tracking dialogue and knowledge exchange initiatives. The paper also contains an extensive assessment of learning cycle, and this illustrates that the learning sequence is prior to, during and subsequent to any experience and is supported by straightforward process tools. The paper recommends that it is crucial for BP to facilitate sharing of knowledge within its highest quality, in order not to sacrifice integrity of the company and the entire knowledge management system. The group needs to assign more individuals who will be responsible for reviewing, approving and enhancing quality of knowledge and learning cycle before it is shared to other personnel. However, the paper acknowledges that knowledge and learning scheme at BP has resulted in gains amounting to more than hundreds of billions of dollars mostly due to informal personnel networks, in addition to supplementary workplace practices. Introduction BP is among the world leading global oil and Gas Company and it offers its clients with energy for transportation, retail services plus petrochemicals products. The company makes annual sales and additional operating revenues amounting to $375,517 million as of last year. BP has over 83.400 employees spread in over 30 nations with retail sites totalling 21800 (BP Global, 2012). The company has two business segments, which are exploration, production/ refining and Marketing. However, a detached business referred to as, Alternative Energy deals with low-carbon businesses as well as future growth alternatives of oil and gas, such as solar, wind, hydrogen, and bio-fuels. The company business activities are structured into four key areas, comprising the upstream, the downstream, the chemicals, and the gas and power divisions. They all add up to around 150 self-directed bus iness units.   BP organizational structure has changed considerably to be more of an entrepreneurial emphasized business unit. Thus, the company board sets up the goals, come up with broader policy measures, and monitors the group CEO performance (Groot, 2009). However, the board does not manage the group businesses, but it delegates responsibility and executive authority to a single point, that of the CEO who is then responsible for refining and marketing affairs. The argument by BP is that a flat organization enables faster decisions making, and at the same time encourages entrepreneurial creativity from its employees along with ideas being managed better. Below the chief executive officer there is the group vice president along with the senior group vice president in charge of safety and operations, and below them there are regional vice presidents whereby individuals such as refinery managers report directly to them. Thus, every business unit contains a high level of independe nce. nevertheless they all share logic of interdependence, in addition to awareness that so as to fulfil their performance goals they will have to become skilled at both from and by each-other. The central corporate organization helps and supports individual business units, and as such individual performance contracts play a crucial role. This brings out commitment to a set of

Sunday, October 6, 2019

Discrimination Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words - 2

Discrimination - Essay Example It can be called much close to ethnic discriminatory behavior. This Essay is based on one of the many victims of language-based discrimination. The subject is one Mr. Gafur Leka who will elaborate on the hard ships he had to face in his personal and professional life due to the bare fact that he was not well versed with the English language. Though it cannot be said as a serious handicap but people made him believe so. Mr. Gafur Leka believes that Discrimination in any form is bad for the unity and diversity of our society and men couldn’t grow and contribute positively to the society if either they are victims or perpetrators of Discrimination. He is equally critical of the Discrimination based on Language as often it goes un-noticed and seldom comes under the scanner. According to him the maximum cases of language based discrimination happen at the work place and often go un-noticed. According to Mr. Gafur Leka language based discriminatory behavior is equally bad and obnoxious for the social fabric. Mr. Gafur Leka works at Harvard maintenance at a fairly senior position of Maintenance supervisor for projects. But his position and standing in the society doesn’t reflect the prejudices and discrimination he had to face before finally attaining this position and gaining the respect of his peers. In the words of Mr. Gafur leka â€Å" I came here in the year 1970, armed with a mechanical engineering diploma from a reputed institute based in India.† It were tough times then for foreign emigrants who came, Mr. leka came here with stars in his eyes, but the moment he landed here it was a rude awakening for him. He was asked uncomfortable questions at the emigration counter about his ethnicity, his purpose of visit and more than anything he was poked at his inability to converse in English. â€Å" It was such a embarrassing experience for me, though I was able to understand a bit about what they were saying but couldn’t

Saturday, October 5, 2019

Individual and Collective Responsibility in the Society Assignment

Individual and Collective Responsibility in the Society - Assignment Example In developing his society, Alexie uses the ordinary people in any other society such as fathers, sons, husbands, laborers, and artists among many others. He develops a perilous poise between external responsibility and self-preservation through family, art and the entire world through by extrapolation. â€Å"Yes the kid was a decent athlete, yet the kid was a descent yes the kid was a decent person. But he had broken into my house† Alexie 14. The adults interact with the children effectively and in a bid to create a peaceful and cohesive society, they must maintain a sense of order by addressing such social vices and deterrence to peace as theft, which the author portrays here. He develops a good child who epitomizes the desirable qualities, but due to lack in the society and poor upbringing, the child breaks into other people’s houses and steal. The society must develop ways of punishing and rectifying such. Relations and interactions exist at different levels in society. In their relations, the characters maintain the decorum that is mandatory in the development of a cohesive society. In portraying the relationship among the character, Alexie develops the balance between self-portrayal and external responsibility by defining the specific individual and communal role. At family levels, the characters maintain a level of intimacy required of couples by sharing fundamental information that sustains such relationships, â€Å"My wife paused before answering, and in the pause, I heard all the doubt and fear. So I got out of bed, dressed and left the house† (Alexie 15). Alexis develops communal responsibility as that which everyone must maintain in order to achieve a desirable and society in which people observed laws and maintained the social order â€Å"But this time when those black people walked in slow motion in front of mei did not smile or laugh.  

Friday, October 4, 2019

Interactive Training Modules in Microcontrolling and Microprocessing Essay Example for Free

Interactive Training Modules in Microcontrolling and Microprocessing Essay Computer Engineering Department lacks equipment when it comes to new kinds of microcontrollers and modules. Developing interactive training modules is our proposed solution to that problem. This interactive training module will be a medium to help students and enable them to get ideas on how to do their projects. This project presents the Interactive Training Modules for Microcontrolling and Microprocessing. It consists of combinations of different modules that are used for training that is available in the market and an interactive manual. The main objectives of this project is to have a low cost training module for Computer Engineering Department that can be used as an educational material in teaching basic microcontrolling and microprocessing to give the students ideas in creating their own projects. The interactive training modules will consist a microcontroller and different types of sensors, input/output devices, motors, and communication modules. Each module will have several easy to understand educational experiments and other using the combination of different modules. The interactive manual will contain all the instructions for the experiment, information about the microcontroller and other details that can be very helpful for the user of the trainer. A Gizduino (Arduino based microcontroller) will be used for this project because of being a low-cost microcontroller and easy to understand programming language which is C-based. We decided to purchase a ready made and low cost trainer that is easy to use and will have an additional feature like having a Ethernet Shield that can be used in controlling other modules. B. Statement of the problem The proponents aim to present the general problem and specific problems. Microprocessing and Microcontrolling have become important over a wide range of applications from hobby, manufacturing, surgery until to the handling of hazardous materials. Consequently, it’s important to understand how they work, and what problems exist in designing effective project interactive training modules. In designing interactive training modules, we must understand it requires a lot of knowledge and basic information about the modules. From other research and studies, there are several problems statements that are clarify and noticed †¢Cost Initially, the cost for purchasing an interactive training module is very expensive. A quality and suitable materials for this project will cost a lot of budget and it’s clearly not affordable. This will cause a difficulty for educational purposes and many students and instructors will find lots of difficulties in doing their studies and research. Thus this project will help them to deliver a better understanding about the basic operation and functions of a Microprocessor and Microcontroller. †¢Hardware system To construct a interactive module, there are few procedures to be considered which are process etching, installating component, soldering process, testing and troubleshooting. If the constructed circuit does not function, troubleshooting must be done, thus it needs a lot of focus and knowledge about circuit process. †¢System integration Technically, it is always difficult to integrate the hardware and software. There are many ways to integrate the system to function according to instructions that are given. Loads of research and studies must be done in order to achieve the expected result for this project. Also this study provides answers to the following questions: †¢What are the problems encountered by the students and instructors in using the existing instructional tools available for the Computer Engineering Department? †¢What are the solutions that can be provided to address the problems? C. Objectives of the study The objectives of this project are: i.To have an up-to-date and low cost training module that can be used by the Computer Engineering students. ii.To produce an interactive training manual as a guide for educational purpose. iii.To build and develop both the training modules hardware and software system that could be integrated to support the application system of a basic microcontroller and microprocessor. D. Scope and Delimitation Basically the scope of this project will be the following: i.Doing research and development for the project. ii.Gathering informative source about the topic from multiple source such as books, journals, internet and also magazines. iii.Start developing and installing the materials for the hardware. iv.Integrating the developed hardware and software. v.Doing performance testing to the developed project. E. Significance of the Study This project would be beneficial for the following: i.Instructors: It will provide sample in discussing how to create projects that need microcontrolling and microprocessing, it can also be used as an instructional tool for the laboratory experiments on employing effective learning in their class. ii.Students: It will serve as a basis of reference for conducting study and a way of training themselves in basic microcontrolling and microprocessing. iii.Campus: It will provide better method of teaching new technologies to Computer Engineering students. iv.Researchers: It will serve as a future reference on the subject of Microcontroller and Microprocessor. F. Definition of Terms Arduino is an open source electronics prototyping platform based on flexible, easy to use hardware and software. Ethernet is a family of computer networking technologies for local area networks (LANs). Interactive Accepting input from a human. Interactive computer systems are programs that allow users to enter data or commands. Most popular programs, such as word processors and spreadsheet applications. Microcontroller A microcontroller (sometimes abbreviated  µC, uC or MCU) is a small computer on a single integrated circuit containing a processor core, memory, and programmable input/output peripherals. Microprocessor incorporates the functions of a computers central processing unit (CPU) on a single integrated circuit (IC), or at most a few integrated circuits. It is a multipurpose, programmable device that accepts digital data as input, processes it according to instructions stored in its memory, and provides results as output. Module A self-contained assembly of electronic components and circuitry, such as a stage in a computer that is installed as a unit. Motor A device that converts any form of energy into mechanical energy, especially an internal-combustion engine or an arrangement of coils and magnets that converts electric current into mechanical power. Sensors A sensor (also called detector) is a converter that measures a physical quantity and converts it into a signal which can be read by an observer or by an (today mostly electronic) instrument.