The Allowance For Loan Losses - 1649 Words

Allowance for Loan Losses The Allowance for Loan Losses (ALL) represents an estimate of losses that have been incurred on loans in the portfolio that are considered to be â€Å"impaired† as of the balance sheet date, based in part of review of individual loans and in party on high-level analytics of groups of loans sharing common risk characteristics (â€Å"0081_REP_Sacher_interior.indd-243_Sacher_Loan_Losses.pdf,† n.d.). This report will cover the accounting standards of the ALL, the common errors that credit unions make, the challenges that face credit unions today, and the Christian worldview on the ethical side of the ALL accounts. Accounting Standards Over the past few years the delinquency ratio has increased significantly which has led many credit unions down the road of exceeding the national peer group averages. The ASC states, â€Å" The allowance for credit losses shall be established at a level that is adequate but not excessive to cover probable credit losses related to specifically identified loans as well as probable credit losses inherent in the remainder of the loan portfolio that have been incurred as of the balance-sheet date. Impairment shall not be recognized before it is probable that impairment has occurred, even though it may be probable that impairment will occur in the future. The measurement of credit losses in a portfolio of loans and receivables consists of two parts: reviewing specifically identified loans and estimating credit losses in the remainingShow MoreRelatedWe Impair A Mortgage Loan When It Is Probable We Will Not1438 Words   |  6 Pagesmortgage loan when it is probable we will not collect all amounts due under the agreement. We establish a general valuation allowance on mortgage loans based on loss history. Additionally, we establish a valuation allowance on individual loans based on expected losses from future dispositions or settlement, including foreclosures. We calculate the allowance based on how much the carrying value exceeds one of these values: †¢ the present value of expected future cash flows discounted at the loan s originalRead MoreBoston Chicken Case940 Words   |  4 Pagesgiven a revolving credit line to help support expansion. This type of financing came with credit risk while the franchises average revenue from operations were not sufficient enough to cover the expenses which raises doubt for the repayment of such loans. 2. The accounting policy of reporting the franchise fees from Boston Chicken’s area developers as revenue seemed most controversial. These franchise fees, which accounted for more than 50% of total revenue, did not represent revenues from operationsRead MoreCommercial Banks Financial Statements and Analysis Questions with Answers1736 Words   |  7 Pages355  Level:  Easy 4.Loans to consumers and to individuals are jointly termed CI loans on a bank balancesheet.Answer:  False  Page:  355  Level:  Easy 5.Currency in the process of collection is checks that the bank owes to other banks buthas not yet paid.Answer:  True  Page:  352  Level:  Medium 6.CI loans are loans to businesses used to finance capital needs, equipment purchasesand plant expansions.Answer:  True  Page:  355  Level:  Easy 7.The provision for loan loss account is actual loan losses less loan recoveriesRead MoreSubprime Mortgage Crisis990 Words   |  4 Pagesmortgage crisis? What could they have done differently? What is a subprime loan? Subprime loans are unconventional loans designed to put as many people as possible in a home or to refinance an existing home regardless of the borrowers’ credit history. A subprime loan allows lenders to make loans whether or not the borrower has poor credit, no credit or even a very low Fair Isaac Corporation (FICO) score. Basically, subprime loans are creative ways to convenience someone that they can afford more thanRead MoreEssay On Nil Band Rate Allowance1311 Words   |  6 PagesPresent nil band rate allowance available to Jean  £325,000 Late Husband nil band rate allowance which has not been used up  £325,000 Standard rate band rate per person (Jean and husband)  £100,000 *2=  £200,000 Total nil band rate allowance available for use  £850,000 This available nil band reduces her IHT tax liability 1,090,000- 850000= 240,000 Present IHT tax due will be calculated based on  £240,000 @ 40% =  £96,000 IHT tax liability. The amount of  £300,000 is used to create a discounted discretionaryRead MoreNoted In Their Critical Accounting Estimates Section Of937 Words   |  4 Pagespractices within the banking industry. It is believed that in connection with the application of those principles, Pinnacle Financial Partners have made assumptions, judgments and estimates which, in the case of the determination of their allowance for loan losses, the valuation of other real estate owned, the assessment of the valuation of deferred tax assets and the assessment of impairment of intangibles, has been critical to the determination of our financial position and results of operationsRead MorePrompts Regarding Fair Value Accounting Using The 2012 10 K Report Of Jpmorgan Chase1405 Words   |  6 Pagesmost significant of each of these, as reported for the fiscal year 2012, include: ââ€"  Loans, valued at $733,796 (asset) ââ€"  Trading assets, valued at $450,028 (asset) ââ€"  Securities, valued at $371,152 (asset) ââ€"  Deposits, valued at $1,193,593 (liability) ââ€"  Long-term debt, valued at $249,024 (liability) ââ€"  Federal funds purchased and securities loaned or sold under repurchase agreements, valued at $240,103 (liability) Loans, Trading assets, and Securities represent 31.10%, 19.08%, and 15.73% of the company’sRead MoreThe Effects Of Exposure Levels On The Group s Exposure1119 Words   |  5 Pagesthe firm claims that these measurements are used to assess the amount of interest rate swaps that must be purchases to mitigate such risks. MITIGATE In order to manage changes in interest rates effectively, Citi may modify pricing on new customer loans and deposits, purchase fixed rate securities, issue debt that is either fixed or floating or enter into derivative transactions that have the opposite risk exposures. Citi regularly assesses the viability of these and other strategies to reduce itsRead MoreWells Fargo Risk Management Paper1418 Words   |  6 Pagesespecially true for banks such as Wells Fargo. For example assets and liabilities may mature or re-price at different times, short-term and long-term interest rates may chance by different amounts, and interest rates may have a direct or indirect effect on loan demand. So managing this risk is important to Wells Fargo because both sides of the balance sheet are sensitive to interest rates. Measure- Wells Fargo uses different risk measures to value the frequency of a loss or gain and the severity of a lossRead MoreAccounting at Maccloud Winery851 Words   |  4 Pagesbasis principal, how to treat the expenditures-land,vines,vine planting,fertilizing,water 1 - Land ï‚ § Resource - to record as an asset upon purchase of land ï‚ § Source - to record partially as a liability (term loan) and partial as owner’s equity (share capital) ï‚ §A=L+OE ï‚ §Land = Term loan + Share capital $250k = $180k + $70k 2 - Grapevines ï‚ § To treat annually by average cost concept ï‚ §To record as an expenses (cost of sales) in SOCI ï‚ § To record as a liability in SOFP (accrual) ï‚ § Cost : $40k which

The Classical School Of Criminology - 1174 Words

During the Enlightenment period, Cesare Beccaria developed the Classical School of Criminology with help from philosopher Jeremy Bentham. With the similar philosophies of Beccaria and Bentham, the classical theory of criminology was then developed, creating a strict and proportional criminal justice system. Deriving from the Rational Choice Theory, the classical theory of criminology states that rational behavior can be controlled in order to deter criminal activity. This idea comes from the thought that humans have free will when making decisions, and often use the practice of hedonistic calculus when weighing out these decisions. Hedonistic calculus refers to when one believes that the benefit of committing an act outweigh the punishment, they will commit that act. On the contrary, if one believes the punishment outweighs the benefits they would receive, they will not commit the act. With the use of the Rational Choice Theory as well as hedonistic calculus, Beccaria and Bentham bot h recognized that if a crime was accompanied by a swift and certain punishment proportional to that specific crime, this would prevent offenders from committing that act. Relying on punishment for deterrence, not retribution, Beccaria and Bentham believed that crime could be prevented if the could-be criminal believed the punishment for the crime in mind outweighs the personal benefits they could have gained. Beccaria states that there are three main crimes: those that run contrary to socialShow MoreRelatedThe Classical School Of Criminology996 Words   |  4 Pagesthe Classical School of Criminology was established. The Classical School of Criminology was founded by Cesare de Baccaria and Jeremy Bentham. The Classical School of Criminology has played a very important role in implementing changes to the criminal punishment system. One of the most significant features of the Classical School of Criminology is its stress on the person as a human being who is competent enough to calculate whether or not they will commit a crime (Lilly, 2011). The Classical SchoolRead MoreThe Classical School Of Criminology935 Words   |  4 Pagesprinciples of the Classical School of Criminology? The major principles in the Classical School of Criminology are that humans are rational and that our behavior comes from free will, and our human behavior is derived from pain and pleasure. To deter criminal’s punishment is necessary, which may set an example for others. As well as crime prevention should be implemented with quick regulated punishment for violations of the law. What were some forerunners of classical thought in criminology? Some forerunnersRead MoreClassical School Of Criminology2140 Words   |  9 PagesSome of the most important and influential thinkers of the Classical School of criminology, begin with John Locke. John Locke was among the most famous philosophers and political theorists of the 17th century. He is often regarded as the founder of a school of thought known as , and he made foundational contributions to modern theories of limited, liberal government. He was also influential in the areas of theology and religious toleration. According to Schmalleger (2012), Locke stressed the dutiesRead MoreThe Classical School Of Criminology1216 Words   |  5 Pagesfamous schools of that are Classical Theory and Biological/Positivist Theory. These theories contain insights to why people commit crimes and the most effective way to deal with these individuals and eventually reduce the crime rate. This paper will discuss how these schoo ls of thought compare to each other, the Christian Worldview and to United States current criminal justice system. The first step to compare these theories is to better understand them. The Classical School of Criminology â€Å"refersRead MoreThe Classical School Of Criminology1485 Words   |  6 Pages1. Answer the following with respect to classical school of criminology: A. Discuss the historical context of the origins (emergence) of this perspective.   When did it arise?   Was it a response to any previous perspectives? The classical school of criminology is foundationally based upon the history of crime and punishment. Throughout history, crime was dealt with in an extremely harsh and inhumane manner. Criminals and suspected criminals were quartered, burnt at the stake, tortured, and subjectedRead MoreThe Classical School Of Criminology1327 Words   |  6 Pagesfamous schools of thought are Classical Theory and Biological/Positivist Theory. These theories contain insights into why people commit crimes and the most effective way to deal with these individuals and eventually reduce the crime rate. This paper will discuss how these schools of thought compare to each other, the Christian Worldview and to United States current criminal justice system. The first step to compare these theories is to develop an understanding of them. The Classical School of CriminologyRead MoreThe Classical School Of Criminology776 Words   |  4 PagesCh3 q1. The major principles in the classical school of criminology include as a being, one makes fundamentally sane decisions, and those decisions come from liberated will that is accompanied with coherent choosing. Another standard is painfulness and happiness, which are used as determining factors of human conduct. As a deterrent, violations of the law set the standard for the rest of society to abide by. Ones principles of acceptance and non-acceptance are inherent in our lives, in which it cannotRead MoreClassical And Positive Schools Of Criminology875 Words   |  4 PagesThere are several theories of crime that originated from both classical and positive schools of criminology. The various crimes that occur within society have shifted the manner of how Americans live their lives. According t o Lilly (1989) the various changes within American society has become a dominant feature of American life and a persuasive warning that the social fabrics of urban slums brew crime. Robert E Park, a newspaper reporter of the 1930’s according to Lilly et al (1989) concluded thatRead MoreClassical and Positive School of Criminology Essay1020 Words   |  5 PagesThe Classical School of Criminology and the Positive School of Criminology are two of the main theories that try and explain the behavior of delinquents. The Classical School of Criminology was developed in the late 1700s by Cesare Beccaria. Classical theorists were trying to decrease punishment and obtain equal justice for all. According to Beccaria and Jeremy Bantham, and English philospther, human nature is characterized by three central features: 1) People are not bound by original sinRead MoreThe Pros And Cons Of The Classical School Of Criminology791 Words   |  4 PagesThe Classical school of criminology can be known as the free will to act at one’s own discretion, where an individual chooses to break the law upon a desirable choice. The Classical emphasizes how the system was organized, punishments for crime, and how authorities should react to crime. On the other hand, positivist school was created to see what influences an individual to break the laws, based on human beings’ behavior. Positivist school is simply trying to analyze who, what, and how crime is

Research Proposal And Annotated Bibliography - 1098 Words

Research Proposal and Annotated Bibliography Following the â€Å"Minnesota Career Information System† that Minnesota has a large employment with 9,582 firms for Computer and Information Systems Manager. There have many opportunities for me easy to get a job after graduating college. Moreover, I like to work on the computer to operate the whole system for a company. I also want to lead my team to bring more efficiently and create new computer hardware or software to promote my company development. My interesting career is a Computer Information Systems Manager that require at least bachelor’s degree and have experiment of working in Information Technology (IT) at least five years. Computer Information Systems Manager also allows people to organize system, communicate every day, develop and maintain products, and manage computer security. This is a popular occupation for people have passion in computer recently. Computer Information System Manager can work in a good environment, but they need to face conflict with m any situations and high social interaction. This essay will describe learning about Computer Information System Manager from personal experiment, discuss career goals and related personal strengths, outline questions in research about this career, and provide on annotated bibliography research paper. Personal experience will show how knowledge I have about Computer and Information Systems Manager. My career is really important for me, so choosing it is very challengingShow MoreRelatedEssay on FIN364 Course Project Summary 1 648 Words   |  3 Pagesï » ¿ Course Project: Economic Research Objective Each student is to select research question related to money and banking and develop a well written paper that provides insight into the topic. The goal is to obtain a better understanding of the topic, while relating the identified topic or concept with real world scenarios. Guidelines For this project, select one of the following research questions below. If you want to select a topic that does not appear in the list below, please contact me forRead MoreThe Overuse of Technology in Our Daily Life Essay1452 Words   |  6 Pagesa day? The answer for this question will bring a lot of negative answers, and of course if we ask this question in a survey, â€Å"NO† will be the winner of this survey. Talking about the use of technology reminded me one of the sources from my annotated bibliography by Amy Petersen, who is the Theatre and Media Arts Department Chair and Associate Professor in the College of Fine Arts and Communications at Brigham Young University. In her article which she wrote about the overuse of tech in our daily lifeRead MoreAssisting A Five Year Old Boy With Adhd1724 Words   |  7 Pagesimpact my research proposal, I have looked beyond these concerns and have focused only on the results of the project. Since both the mother and son were invo lved in the mindful training and both claim how much calmer they are, it might be beneficial to consider whether providing tools of mediation might be helpful in decreasing maladaptive behaviors. A bibliography includes sources used in a research. An annotated bibliography includes the list of those sources. The annotated bibliography gives aRead MoreAnnotated Bibliography APA Format961 Words   |  4 Pagesï » ¿ Annotated Bibliography University of Maryland University College Annotated Bibliography Ghosh, C. (2013). Affordable Care Act: Strategies to Tame the Future.  Physician Executive,  39(6), 68-70. In this particular journal about the Affordable Care Act (ACA), the author Ghosh attempts to prove which areas of the medical sector will have the most impact. The research will show that the relationship between the newer technologies with improved electronic healthRead MoreProposal Annotated Bibliography Assignment: Capital Punishment1255 Words   |  6 PagesProposal Annotated Bibliography Assignment: Capital Punishment Proposal Annotated Bibliography Assignment: Capital Punishment By: Richard Dilay Proposal I am proposing writing a research paper on the contemporary issue of capital punishment. While, capital punishment has been outlawed in Canada, it still remains a viable option in most parts of the World, including some areas of the United States. With the recent push by the Stephen Harper government, with their crime agenda initiativesRead MoreThe Islamic State Of Iraq And Syria Essay794 Words   |  4 PagesMy research topic will explore the Islamic State of Iraq and Syria, also known as (ISIS). I chose this topic because it has been an ongoing issue recently along with being a hot and dangerous topic. Picking this topic will help me exploit my audience and grab their attention. Before choosing this topic, I didn’t know very much about it until I did some research and realized how dangerous this Islamic group really is. During my argument I will argue how ISIS has divided countries and have causedRead MoreReviewing The Topic Of Breast Cancer987 Words   |  4 PagesThe p urpose of this proposal is to request approval to continue researching the topic of Breast Cancer. In this introduction, it will include a problem about the topic and a valid solution in who to solve it. It also discusses the research and research methods put into this technical report, personal qualifications, work schedule, and lastly a table in which lists a time schedule in which this report will be completed. Introduction Breast cancer has a significant amount of impact on the women,Read MorePerceptions of Bushmen Culture Essay1399 Words   |  6 Pages It will describe some of its complexities, as well as further note the way early Europeans and anthropologist perceived these South African peoples. This paper will not provide an in-depth historical account or all encompassing research of the culture but is a proposal that aims to present the Bushmen culture as one that has much to appreciated. Bushmen people have a unique language that is characterized by the use of clicks in their speech. This characteristic is exclusive of Bushmen peoplesRead MoreInformative Speech : Psychoactive Drugs Essay1603 Words   |  7 Pagesrequirement was met due to the fact that over the course of the semester I have completed four various writing projects. These four being; a research proposal, an annotated bibliography, a revision essay and public document. All four of these project were extremely organized and planned out through the help and usage of outlines. Dealing specifically with my research proposal, my task at hand was being able to give a big description of the topic my essay will be on as well as the general outline of what myRead MorePersonal Review And Reflection Paper1262 Words   |  6 PagesAnalyze Research Week four’s assignment was learning how to use the online library and finding sources. Overall, I understood how to use the online library, how to use search limiters and key words, and how to define peer-review. I found a relevant topic in education, found quality sources, and was able to develop my references. When it came to researching and using online libraries, I needed to remember that there is always something to learn. Week Five: Produce a Professional Proposal Week five’s

Personal Narrative My Best Friend - 1327 Words

â€Å"Okay sissy, don t cry,† she pleaded. I knew the day was coming up, but I tried not to think about it. She was my absolute best friend and I could not imagine living 1,300 miles away. Growing up, we were resentful of each other. We used words and actions to get our point across. Not only did we slap each other, but also kicked and punched. I cried even if it didn’t hurt, that was me being a baby. My dad would scoop me in his arms and at the same time, discipline my sister. It was satisfying if you had asked my 8 year old self. Later on, Madison turned into my soul mate, as I began middle school, up until she had graduated high school. From watching movies until our eyes were not susceptible to keep open, laughing convulsively†¦show more content†¦My grandparents had come to stay with me while my parents were going to take my sister, her pet rabbit, and all her belongings down to Norfolk, Virginia. That is where Nick’s base was located and was going to be living during his enlistment. I was just a few hours shy of saying goodbye to what seemed like forever. We were taking pictures of our last memories together. I went upstairs to change into a pair of jean shorts and a clean shirt. I could smell her perfume lingering upstairs as I heard my name, I sprinted down the stairs, then she said the words†¦ â€Å"I have to go. †My eyes felt as if they were sunken into my head and stomach was in a knot. â€Å"Okay sissy, don’t cry,† she pleaded. I choked them down. She quickly said her goodbyes to her childhood pets. All she could think was that this could be the last time she’d see them. Our dog Tootsie had been already thirteen years old by that time. Tears cascaded down her cheeks. And as she turned towards me, I burst into tears. I had lost all of my composure. She said she loved me and that we could talk on the phone every day to keep in touch. On my birthday, I knew I could come visit, but that was so far away. A whole seven months. As I sauntered into the house, my grandma tried to get my attention, but I was not attentive at all. Besides, I wanted to be alone. I went into the three-season porch and sat in my dad’s black, leather office chair.Show MoreRelatedPersonal Narrative : My Best Friend1210 Words   |  5 PagesSunday, my friends and I were eating a meal of thick stew and crusty bread and drinking a pitcher of hot, spiced, and very watered-down wine. We’d chosen my room because it was the biggest and therefore had the most space for practicing weaponry, our afternoon plan. My friends ate and made small talk. We saw each other most days so sometimes it seemed like we ran out of real things to talk about. I was somewhat lost in my thoughts, about us and about our futures. Koilin was my best friend. He wasRead MorePersonal Narrative : My Best Friend1052 Words   |  5 PagesI Threw my books on the bed and approached the jacket slowly, as if it were Andrew Garfield who would become my best friend. I couldn t look away, I wanted to scream. The jacket would be my new best friend. The leather black and silver studs, the belts, and best of all being popular. This jacket is no ordinary jacket, this is my jacket. I heard steps coming up stairs, my mom stopped by and asked if I like it. I yelled yes with excitement and joy. She left, I stared at the jacket like whenRead MorePersonal Narrative : My Best Friend1080 Words   |  5 Pageswent downstairs to get my older brother so we could finish the vlog, but Caleb laid on the couch unresponsive. As I called his name while walking down the stairs, I realized something was wrong. â€Å"Caleb† I yelled tears pouring out of my eyes as I found him, not breathing. He was dead. My best friend, my brother, the only person who made me really happy, was gone forever. I couldn t imagine what I was going to do without him. I loved him more than anyone in my life he was my hero. It s octoberRead MorePersonal Narrative : My Best Friend757 Words   |  4 PagesI’m Wendy. And no, I look nothing like the perfect happy smiling girl that you all associate with the restaurant. I am 5’6’’ and 13 years old. I have wavy, short, caramel hair and brown eyes, with a light spattering of freckles. My favorite colors are blue and gray, but yellow is such a pretty sunny color... it just doesn t look good on me. I go to North-West Independence Middle School. In case you were wondering, that is in middle of nowhere Nebraska. It is like a scene from an old movie, no colorRead MorePersonal Narrative : My Best Friend940 Words   |  4 Pages Looking back, I remind myself that friends are temporary, but memories are forever. This was going to be our last night together, Cesli and I. Cesli Crum was my best friend that I met in third grade. That year came and went, and though in fourth grade Cesli was held back, we still vowed to always be best friends. Then, that winter of two thousand fourteen, her family decided to move away. I felt devastated, so my mom agreed to have Cesli over one evening right before she left. Thus that is whatRead MorePersonal Narrative : My Best Friend1369 Words   |  6 Pagesreason my palms were sweaty and I had butterflies doing loopty-loops in my stomach. I was on my way to visit Julia, one of my best friends at the time. The whole way there, in bumper to bumper traffic, I reflected on all of my memories with her, including playing on a fallen, rotten tree and pretending that it was milk chocolate shop. As little girls, we would dress up in glittery, razzled costumes and sing our hearts out, which continued well into our teen years when she drove me to school my freshmanRead MorePersonal Narrative : My Best Friend1034 Words   |  5 Pagesbeen my best friend since I was deported to this horrid tent city. My spouse and daughter died in the floods of Grimsdon. Every thought of them, cripples me with grief instantly, my heart and soul ached for my precious daughter and partner bring me to tears. Thankfully, I met . Ella, who, whilst she could never replace my biological Family, I feel she is now like a much-loved sister to me. She is the only light when there is so much darkness, surrounding us. Suddenly, out of the corner of my eyeRead MorePersonal Narrative : My Best Friend1033 Words   |  5 Pageshim cuddling into his side shaking from the cold. We d been outside for over an hour, in barely any clothes. My face edged with tear streaks and bags under my eyes. I had mascara smudged across my right cheek and my makeup was running. At one point, I turned over and glanced up at him. I studied his face and thought to myself. This was my best friend. We used to hang out after school at my house and watch movies until late. How had things changed so suddenly? I thought of all the good mom ents we dRead MorePersonal Narrative : My Best Friend1192 Words   |  5 PagesWe have been best friends since elementary school and gone through a lot together, but we backed each other when it meant the most. While I waited for my flight at Regan International, I called Elizabeth and invited her to my place for a late dinner. I missed her and looked forward to spend time with her. *** As 8 o’clock grew near, my excitement to spend a girl s-night-in with Liz increased. So much has developed since we last chat. Therefore, when I heard the knock on my front door, IRead MorePersonal Narrative : My Best Friend1004 Words   |  5 Pageswhere you think your life is ruined for good? My best friend Peggy and I experienced that feeling one boring night last summer when we were home alone. Last year I was know for â€Å"trouble†, I liked to fight and be the center of attention. I always had to make a scene about everything. Even though I was constantly in trouble with my parents, I never did anything that would put me in jail for a long time if I were to get caught by the police. My best friend was the same way. We both had negative attitudes

Effects of Illegal Music Downloading on the Music Industry free essay sample

Music Industry Illegal downloading is commonly known as piracy, it describe that the steeling music from artists, songwriters, musicians, record label employees and others whose hard work and great talent who make music possible. Nowadays, downloading music is available for everyone on internet. However, it is still illegal. Downloading music on internet is what most people are doing because they do not have to pay, and they can choose only the songs they want to have.Unlike CDC which we have the whole album which might contain the songs that we do not want to listen to, plus we have to pay for it. However, it is not always a good thing, it might be good for the people who download the music, but what about the music industry? Is it killing the industry, or does it have profits on it? This paper will discuss both pros and cons of piracy downloading on the Music Industry. One of the most important influences that internet piracy has had on the music industry Is the sale of retail CDC. Until the past few years, CD sales were one of the key things that music Industry Insiders used In order to find out which musicians and albums were the most popular with the public. As the worlds technology has been growing, it made the digital music and internet piracy growing too, sales of retail CDC dropped amongst younger consumers to such an extent that the best selling CDC on the market began to bear very little resemblance to the music that was actually popular with the young listeners that form the backbone of the music Industry.For example, Bob Dylan album Modern Times quickly became the number one best seller when It was released In 2006, spite the fact that none of his tracks were highly requested on mainstream radio programs or popular with younger listeners. The most well-known case that involves internet piracy and the music industry was when a group of m ajor recording companies took peer-to-peer file sharing service Anapest to court for facilitating copyright infringement In the year 2000. After the Increasing of the Internet piracy, A;M Records and other record companies sued Anapest on three separate claims, and It was successful.These claims Included accusations that Anapest was espouse for allowing users to infringe upon existing copyrights and were even encouraging users to download unlicensed copyrighted materials. When the recording industry won this landmark lawsuit, Anapest stopped offering their file sharing services to users, and soon their company failed. The Institute for Policy Innovation make a conclusion that global music piracy causes $12. 5 billion of earnings, and a loss of $422 million in tax revenues, $291 million in personal income tax and $131 million in lost corporate income and production taxes.Today, cost people who download music illegally do it by using new peer-to-peer networks like Bitterroot. The Bitterroot protocol is for of handling a lot of data very quickly and is very popular for people who upload and download copies of movies and television programs that have no license. In more recent years, dozens of major record labels torrent in order to distribute their content on their own terms and avoid the pirating of their content. The Institute for Policy Innovation concludes that global music piracy causes $12. 5 billion of economic losses every year, 71,060 U. S. Jobs lost, ass of $2. Billion in workers earnings, and a loss of $422 million in tax revenues, $291 million in personal income tax and $131 million in lost corporate income and production taxes. However, there are some profits that the music industries get from the music piracy. One of it is that older music is still available. Because of the way contracts are constructed, artists do not own their own music-record labels do. So when artists that change labels, their new label is not allowed to produce the albums the artist made on the old label, and if the old label decides not to release he songs, the music is dead.Music downloading is the only way for people to access these old dead songs. It can also make the artists still be famous over time because people still listen to their music even if they are obsolete. Another positive thing is that the not well-known artists become more famous, and their music albums also have better sales. 81. 87% of the entire music industry was controlled by 4 record companies. But most artists arent signed to these labels. As the results, most artists do not get radio play, and their music videos are usually in low quality and they are to usually shown on the television.Music downloading is great for lesser known artists to get the chance to be more famous. Most people wont buy music they have not listened to. Music Piracy allows people who download music to experiment the unknown artists. This kind of experimentation cannot hurt the industry, it helps the Industry instead. As people would not have bought the music if they cannot download it, but downloading and having the music may either make them realize they like the music, and buy the albums, or share the music to their friends, who then eight like the music, and by the album, or even go to the concert.These smaller, independent artists have been on the rise in the past several years, and they also make profits to their industry. According to the ARIA, only 15% of albums make money. However, most record label contracts require that all costs for making the album be returned to the company, meaning that 85% of artists are in debt to their company after the records are released. Most artists repay this debt through money they got during concerts. And people who found out the artists through piracy may like the music enough to go to the concerts.The ARIA Consumer Profile in 2005 showed that CD sales at concerts have risen, it came from more people that go to Join the concerts and more people that Join these concerts do not own these CDC; both of this all came from online music downloading. From my experiences, I usually download music from internet, and when there is some artist I really like, I will become their fans and buy their albums. It also makes me know more artists that I never know of, and that is how it makes them famous. Iris is not Just happening to me, it also happens to most of my friends.These facts rove that the music downloading is not all bad, but it might be to some music industries which are not so famous Even if music Piracy is illegal, it is very hard for someone to control or forbid people from doing it. It becomes part of the music society, everyone downloads music from internet. Some people do not even know anything. However, it is also a good thing it benefits many things, both to the consumers and the industries. It might be bad for the industry in few years ago, but now people start to get use to it and make profits from it. Artists actually get more famous from it.

Crime Victims and Justice

Question: Discuss about theCrime Victims and Justice. Answer: The aim is to determine the effectiveness of the Youth Justice Group Conferencing (YJGC) in providing effective diversions for the young people from the intense supervision of the courts outcome, reducing the seriousness and the frequency of again offending young people to provide victim satisfaction in relation to criminal justice process. In this assignment there is discussion on the strengths and weaknesses of the youth group conferencing. Advantages and the Disadvantages of Youth Group Conferencing Youth Group Conferencing is a police play an active role. There is a very brief span delay between offence and the conference (Johnstone 2013). No criminal charges are applicable at the diversion of the conference. At the same time there are certain cons with the diversion of the conference, the police are usually not well trained to indentify things in relation to imparting in formations to the offender or their family. The arrangements made are very limited to protect the offender and his rights. Another main disadvantage is that the person being arrested may also agree for the conference even though there in sufficient evidence (Zehr 2015). Another advantage that can be pointed out is the reduction in the net-widening as conferencing resulted in conviction. There were various improved mechanisms brought forward for the protection of the rights of the offender. Conferencing would aim to address the problems of the offender than provide the redress for the offence. On the other hand Van and Strong (2014) disadvantages lied in the amount of preparatory work that had to be done before the conferencing. Major delays were made in making arrangements for the conference which resulted in longer duration of time that arose between the offence and the disposition. Youth Group Conferencing has the following advantages, only few of the sexual assault cases are dealt within the criminal justice system. Youth Group Conferencing does not help those who do not report such issues. Some people do not report such issue due the impact it makes on their family. The rate of prosecutions is relatively less also the rate of convictions is usually less for the young offenders (Zehr 2015). Conferencing under this observes the need for retributions. Most of the time the criminal justice system fails to meets the needs of the victims. Conclusion Youth Group Conferencing has aimed at reducing the number of problems in Australia. Although, the solution to every problem is not mentioned in the Youth Group Conferencing. The Group Conferencing process is made to direct the issues that contribute to make the young offenders behaviour better and analyse the Juvenile Justice data to examine the outcome. The police and the court are purely responsible for the Conferencing process. Reference List: Johnstone, G. (2013).Restorative justice: Ideas, values, debates. Routledge. Van Ness, D. W., Strong, K. H. (2014).Restoring justice: An introduction to restorative justice. Routledge. Zehr, H., 2015.Changing lenses: restorative justice for our times. Zehr, H., 2015.The little book of restorative justice: Revised and updated. Skyhorse Publishing, Inc..